Unit 7 - Solution Chemistry - Regents

Question 1

Definition of Unsaturated Solution

Answer 1

Holds less solute than max

Question 2

Definition of Saturated Solution

Answer 2

Holds max amount of solute

Question 3

Definition of Supersaturated Solution

Answer 3

Holds more than max amount of solute

Question 4

Definition of Aqueous Solution

Answer 4

Solvent is Water

Question 5

What factors is the solubility of a substance dependent by?

Answer 5

1. Pressure
2. Temperature
3. Chemical Properties

Question 6

How does pressure affect the solubility of a gas?

Answer 6

As pressure increases, solubility of gas INCREASES

Question 7

How does temperature affect the solubility of a solid?

Answer 7

As temperature increases, solubility of solids increases

Question 8

How does temperature affect the solubility of a gas?

Answer 8

As temperature increases, solubility of gases decreases

(Opposite of the Ideal Gas Law - Low Pressure and High Temperature)

Question 9

What is the motto to follow regarding the effect of chemical properties on solubility? (4)

Answer 9

1. Like Dissolves Like
2. Polar Solvents Dissolve Polar Solutes
3. Nonpolar Solvents dissolve Nonpolar Solutes
4. Polar and Nonpolar cannot dissolve each other

Question 10

How do Ionic Solids Dissolve? (4)

Answer 10

1. In Polar Solvents
2. Ionic Compounds Dissociate to Respective Charges
3. Each Ion Surrounded by Solvent
4. Act as Electrolytes (Remember Conduction)

Question 11

Definition of Precipitate (2)

Answer 11

1. An Insoluble/Solid Compound
2. Forms as a Result of a Replacement Reaction

Question 12

Definition of Colligative Properties

Answer 12

When a Solute Interrupts the Normal Behavior of the Solvent

Question 13

What are Colligative Properties dependent on? (3)

Answer 13

1. CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTE
2. NOT type of particles
3. NOT their mass

Question 14

What are examples of Colligative Properties? (4)

Answer 14

1. Freezing Point Depression
2. Boiling Point Elevation
3. Vapor Pressure
4. Osmotic Potential

Question 15

What is another way of thinking about freezing point depression and boiling point elevation?

Answer 15

Solution will stay a liquid longer

Question 16

Definition of Freezing Point Depression (3)

Answer 16

1. Freezing Point Decreases (bc of addition of solute)
2. Solute Particles Hinder Clustering Solvent Particles
3. w/o Effective Clustering, there’s no solidification

Question 17

Definition of Boiling Point Elevation (3)

Answer 17

1. Boiling Point Increases (bc of addition of solute)
2. Solutes occ. space surface, decreasing vaporization
3. Solute introduces new attractive forces with solvent

Question 18

How do Ionic Solutes affect Colligative Properties of the Solution?

Answer 18

1. Ionic Compounds Dissociate in the Solution
2. Increasing the Solute Particles 2x
3. Increases FP Depression & BP Elevation

Question 19

Definition of Concentrated Solution

Answer 19

1. Relative Term
2. Refers to Solution has More Solute

Question 20

Definition of Dilute Solution

Answer 20

1. Relative Term
2. Refers to Solution has Less Solute

Question 21

Definition of Molarity

Answer 21

1. Moles of Solute/Liters of Solution
2. Convert Solute Measure to Moles & Solvent Measure to Liters

Question 22

What is the formula for parts per million?

Answer 22

PPM - Grams of Solute/Grams of Solution x 1,000,000

(Usually used when a very small amount is dissolved.

Question 23

What is something to keep in mind when calculating percent matter when it comes to solubility?

Answer 23

If it says, “___ g solute dissolved in ___ g Solution”, then solve: Solute/Solution

If it says, “ ___ g solute dissolved in ___ g H2O” then solve:
Solute/Solute + Solvent (H2O)