unit 7 - motivation, emotion, and personality

Question 1

instinct theory (evolutionary)

Answer 1

innate automatic response to stimulus
NOT LEARNED
EX: rooting & sucking reflexes for infants

issues:
- instincts dissipate over a few years for humans

Question 2

drive reduction theory

Answer 2

our behavior is motivated by biological needs
- motivation from imbalance in homeostasis
- hunger, thirst, sex
ex: eat when we’re hungry, put sweater on when cold

Question 3

incentive theory

Answer 3

our needs/drive push us into actions

Question 4

optimum arousal theory (Yerkes-Dobson Law)

Answer 4

people are driven to perform actions in order to maintain an optimum level of physiological arousal
- people perform best when their arousal is moderate
EX:
when low arousal: people seek out social activities such as going to the club or attending a party
when high arousal: a relaxing activity such as going for a walk or taking a nap

Question 5

maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 5

believes all people must go through 5 stages to reach self-actualization
- lower needs must be met before moving on

1. biological & psychological needs: food, drink, shelter, sleep, sex, warmth
2. safety needs: protection, security, law
3. social (belongingness & love needs): friendship, family, and sexual intimacy
4. self-esteem needs: achievement, respect from and of others
5. self-actualization: creativity, problem-solving, personal growth & fulfillment