Unit 7- Meiosis

Question 1

Homologous chromosomes

Answer 1

a pair of matching chromosomes in an organism, one pair from each parent. The chromosomes contain the same genes, but have slightly different versions, called alleles

Question 2

Alleles

Answer 2

Different versions of genes, ex: eye color is a gene; the alleles are brown eyes, blue eyes, hazel eyes, green eyes, black eyes, ect.

Question 3

Autosomes

Answer 3

any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.

Question 4

Crossing Over

Answer 4

When the chromosomes have paired up, during prophase 1, non-sister chromatids exchange segments, crossing over and rearranging genetic information

Question 5

diploid cell

Answer 5

Cell that has two copies of each chromosome (one from each parent)

Question 6

fertilization

Answer 6

two gametes are needed for fertilization

Question 7

gamete/germ cell

Answer 7

sex cells; sperm and eggs

Question 8

genetic recombination

Answer 8

a process that occurs during meiosis, which is the type of cell division that produces gametes. During this process, homologous chromosomes pair up, then the chromosomes can then cross over and exchange genetic material, which results in new combinations of alleles

Question 9

haploid cell

Answer 9

has one copy of each set of chromosomes (either the one inherited from the mother, or father)

Question 10

meiosis

Answer 10

cell division that results in four haploid gametes. All four cells are different from each other and the parent cell.

Question 11

sex chromosomes

Answer 11

X and Y chromosomes determine your biological sex. 2 X chromosomes= female, 1 Y+1 X= male