unit 7: cognition (flowcharts) Flashcards
iconic memory
visual sensory memory
echoic memory
auditory sensory memory
short-term memory
memory that holds a few items briefly
rehearse
to get info into storage
retrieve
to get info out of storage, it has to be retrieved
long-term memory
-relatively limitless, permanent memory where info is stored
- enhanced/hindered by stress
- not disrupted by electric shock
explicit memory
- easy to explain
- declarative memory
- conscious memory of facts/events
implicit memory
- impossible to explain
- nondeclarative memory
automatic memory of skills/behaviors
episodic memory
memory of autobiographical events
semantic memory
memory of facts and knowledge
hippocampus
where explicit memory is formed
cerebellum
where implicit memory is formed
limbic system
where the hippocampus and cerebellum are stored
long-term potentiation
- repeated stimulations of a neural pathway caused LTP
- faster = memories
cortisol
- released in response to chronic stress
- can destroy the hippocampus
adrenaline
- releases during acute stress
- explains flashbulb memories (clear memories of emotional events)
encoding failure
- we didnt pay attention or rehearse it
storage failure
- memories that aren;t rehearsed are lost
retrieval failure
- inability to locate memories
- tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
retroactive interference
- new affects old
proactive interference
- old affects new
repression
- motivated forgetting
ebinghaus curve
over 50% of what we learn is quickly forgotten if note rehearsed
memory construction
- creating false memories
source amnesia
- misattributing the source of info
misinformation effect
- incorporating misleading info (wording effect)
