Unit 7 - Cellular Respiration Flashcards
what is Glycolysis?
Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate in the cytoplasm.
what two phases are in glycolysis
The energy investment phase and the energy pay off phase
why is ATP required for the energy investment phase of glycolysis
ATP is required for the phosphorylation of glucose and intermediates during the energy investment phase in Glycolysis.
why is ATP needed during the energy pay off phase of glycolysis
ATP is needed as it leads to the generation of more ATP during the energy pay off phase and results in a net gain of ATP
what happens in the citric acid cycle
in the citric acid cycle pyruvate is broken down to an acetyl group, which combines with coenzyme A to form acetyl coenzyme A. the acetyl group then combines with Oxaloacetate to form citrate. this is followed by enzyme controlled reactions which regenerates oxaloacetate and produces NADH, ATP and CO2.
where does the citric acid cycle take place
the citric acid cycle takes place in the central matrix of the mitochondria
where does the electron transport chain take place
they take place in the inner mitochondrial membrane
what is the electron transport chain
the electron transport chain is a series of carrier proteins attached to the inner mitochondrial membrane. in this chain the electrons which are carried by NADH are passed along the electron transport chain, releasing energy. the energy allows hydrogen ions to be transferred across the inner mitochondrial membrane. the return flow of hydrogen ions back through the membrane protein, ATP synthase results in the production of ATP. Finally the hydrogen ions and electrons combine with oxygen to form water, oxygen is the final electron and Hydrogen Ion acceptor.
