Unit 10 - hormonal control of reproduction Flashcards
what is the purpose of a hypothalamus
the hypothalamus produces a releaser hormone which stimulates the pituitary gland at the start of puberty
what is a releaser hormone
a releaser hormone is secreted from the hypothalamus to stimulate the pituitary gland
what is a pituitary gland
a pituitary gland produces the hormones FSH LH and ICSH
what is ICSH
ICSH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland which promotes sperm production in the interstitial cells
what is FSH
FSH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland which promotes sperm production in the seminiferous tubules in men.
In women FSH stimulates the development of a follicle and stimulates the follicle to release oestrogen
what is LH
LH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland which triggers ovulation and stimulates the development of the corpus luteum from the follicle
what is testosterone
Testosterone is promoted by ICSH to stimulate sperm production and stimulate the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland to produce their secretions.
what is oestrogen
oestrogen promotes the proliferation of the cells of the endometrium preparing it for implantation it also stimulates the secretion of LH by the pituitary gland and affects the consistency of the cervical mucus making it more easily penetrated by sperm
what is progesterone
progesterone inhibits the secretion of LH (Negative Feedback control) from the pituitary gland and promotes further development and vascularisation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation if fertilisation occurs.
what is negative feedback control
as levels of progesterone and oestrogen increase they inhibit the secretion of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland.
how long does the menstrual cycle take
the menstrual cycle takes approximately 28 days with the first day of menstruation regarded as day one in the cycle
what are the steps of the follicular phase
the hypothalamus releases releaser hormone which stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH. FSH then stimulates the development of a follicle which releases oestrogen. the follicle matures and the release of oestrogen repairs and proliferates the endometrium. however the high oestrogen concentration triggers a surge in the production of LH around Day 14, which leads into ovulation.
what are the steps in the luteal phase
after a surge in LH ovulation begins, which is the release of an egg from a follicle in the ovary. the follicle then develops into a corpus luteum which releases progesterone. the progesterone promotes further development and vascularisation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation if fertilisation occurs.
