Unit 7

Question 1

the capacity to do work or to transfer heat

Answer 1

energy

Question 2

energy used to cause an object with mass to move

Answer 2

work

Question 3

energy used to cause the temperature of an object to increase

Answer 3

heat

Question 4

energy of motion

Answer 4

kinetic energy

Question 5

work =

Answer 5

force TIMES distance

Question 6

energy at rest; energy of position

Answer 6

potential energy

Question 7

energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be converted from one form to another

Answer 7

law of conservation of energy

Question 8

the study of energy and its transformations (especially those involving heat)

Answer 8

thermodynamics

Question 9

all the energy transferred between a system and its surroundings must be accounted for as either heat or work

Answer 9

first law of thermodynamics

Question 10

the portion of the universe we single out for study

Answer 10

system

Question 11

the principle, is the rest of the universe

Answer 11

surroundings

Question 12

heat flows out of the system into the surroundings

Answer 12

exothermic

Question 13

system is losing heat (q negative)

Answer 13

exothermic

Question 14

heat that flows into the system from the surroundings

Answer 14

endothermic

Question 15

system is gaining heat (q positive)

Answer 15

endothermic

Question 16

work done by an expanding gas

Answer 16

pressure volume worth

Question 17

amount of kinetic energy transferred from one object to another object as a result of a temperature difference between the two

Answer 17

heat

Question 18

amount of heat

Answer 18

q (in joules)

Question 19

mass

Answer 19

m (grams)

Question 20

specific heat capacity

Answer 20

c (joules/grams degree C)

Question 21

change in temp

Answer 21

delta T (degree C)

Question 22

experiments that measure heat

Answer 22

calorimetry experiment

Question 23

open to atmosphere

Answer 23

coffee cup calorimeter

Question 24

heat transferred at constant pressure

Answer 24

enthalpy

Question 25

change in state of matter

Answer 25

phase change

Question 26

increase the size of the molecular motions and put energy into the sample to increase the size of the molecular motions

Answer 26

going from a solid to a liquid
AND
going from a liquid to a gas

Question 27

to reverse the process

Answer 27

decrease the size of molecular motions and take energy out of the sample

Question 28

all the energy transferred between a system and its surroundings must be accounted for as either heat or work

Answer 28

first law of thermodynamics

Question 29

indicates that something depends only on the initial state of the system and the final state of the system

Answer 29

state functions

Question 30

only depends on where we started and where we finished (does NOT depend on the path between where we started and where we finished)

Answer 30

state functions

Question 31

T or F work is a state function

Answer 31

FALSE; work= forceXdistance

Question 32

determine the enthalpy change for a reaction when it may be experimentally difficult to do so

Answer 32

hess’s law