Unit 7 Flashcards
The best known U.S. policy toward the Western Hemisphere. Buried in a routine annual message delivered to Congress by President James Monroe in December 1823, the doctrine warns European nations that the United States would not tolerate further colonization or puppet monarchs.
Monroe Doctrine
This letter, written by the Spanish Ambassador to the United States, Enrique Dupuy de Lôme, criticized American President William McKinley by calling him weak and concerned only with gaining the favor of the crowd. Elevated tensions that led to the Spanish-American War.
De Lome Letter
an American naval ship that sank in Havana Harbor during the Cuban revolt against Spain, an event that became a major political issue in the United States leading to the Spanish-American War.
USS Maine
an amendment to a joint resolution of the United States Congress, enacted on April 20, 1898, in reply to President William McKinley’s War Message. It placed a condition on the United States military’s presence in Cuba. According to the clause, the U.S. could not annex Cuba but only leave “control of the island to its people.” In short, the U.S. would help Cuba gain independence and then withdraw all its troops from the country
Teller Amendment
Popular phrase for the Spanish American War
“Splendid Little War”
It stipulated seven conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish–American War, and an eighth condition that Cuba sign a treaty accepting these seven conditions
Platt Amendment
The uprising took place against a background of severe drought and the disruption caused by the growth of foreign spheres of influence. After several months of growing violence against both the foreign and Christian presence, Boxer fighters, convinced they were invulnerable to foreign weapons, converged on Beijing with the slogan “exterminate the foreigners” or sometimes translated as “kill the white devils!”
Boxer Rebellion
Served for almost seven years as Secretary of State under President McKinley, and after his assassination, under Theodore Roosevelt. Hay was responsible for negotiating the Open Door Policy, which kept China open to trade with all countries on an equal basis, with international powers.
John Hay
refers to U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy: “speak softly, and carry a big stick.” The idea of negotiating peacefully, simultaneously threatening with the “big stick”, or the military, ties in heavily with the idea of Realpolitik, which implies a pursuit of political power that resembles Machiavellian ideals. It is comparable to gunboat diplomacy, as used in international politics by imperial powers.
“Big Stick Policy”
The popular nickname for the United States Navy battle fleet of 16 ships that completed a journey around the globe by order of United States President Theodore Roosevelt, to showcase American power
Great White Fleet
The term was used in the Progressive Era to characterize reform-minded American journalists who attacked established institutions and leaders as corrupt. They typically had large audiences in some popular magazines
Muckrakers
a social reformer, “muckraking” journalist and social documenting photographer. He is known for using his photographic and journalistic talents to help the impoverished in New York City and his most famous work is “How the Other Half Lives.”
Jacob Riis
The fire caused the deaths of 146 garment workers – 123 women and 23 men – who died from the fire, smoke inhalation, or falling or jumping to their deaths. The fire led to legislation requiring improved factory safety standards and helped spur the growth of better working conditions for sweatshop workers.
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
President Theodore Roosevelt’s domestic program. His policies reflected three basic ideas: conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection.
Square-Deal
Of all Roosevelt’s achievements, he was proudest of his work in conservation of natural resources. He established the United States Forest Service, signed into law the creation of five National Parks, and also established bird reserves, four game preserves, and 150 National Forests.
Conservation of Public Lands
a civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as an organization to advance legal justice for African Americans. Its most notable founder was W. E. B. Du Bois.
NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
African Americans moving out of the south to mostly urban areas up north or out west for numerous reasons, notably jobs and avoiding racist discrimination. From 1910-1930 1 million moved out, 1940 and 1970 4 million made the move.
Great Migration
