Unit 5 Flashcards
1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty.
Kansas-Nebraska Act
People who opposed expansion of slavery into western territories
Free Soilers
Formal withdrawal of states or regions from a nation
Secession
A Missouri slave sued for his freedom, claiming that his four year stay in the northern portion of the Louisiana Territory made free land by the Missouri Compromise had made him a free man. The U.S, Supreme Court decided he couldn’t sue in federal court because he was property, not a citizen.
Dred Scott Decision
Began when he and his men took over the arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in hopes of starting a slave rebellion.
John Brown’s Raid
Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force
Robert E. Lee
Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina; the confederate attack on the fort marked the start of the Civil War
Fort Sumter
A battle near a sluggish little creek, it proved to be the bloodiest single day battle in American History with over 26,000 lives lost in that single day.
Antietem
A large battle in the American Civil War, took place in southern Pennsylvania from July 1 to July 3, 1863. The battle is named after the town on the battlefield. Union General George G. Meade led an army of about 90,000 men to victory against General Robert E. Lee’s Confederate army of about 75,000. Gettysburg is the war’s most famous battle because of its large size, high cost in lives, location in a northern state, and for President Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address.
Gettysburg
April 1865., the Virginia town where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in 1865, ending the Civil War
Appomattox Courthouse
an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War.
Ulysses S Grant
Union General who destroyed South during “march to the sea” from Atlanta to Savannah, example of total war
William Tecumseh Sherman
He was a confederate general who was known for his fearlessness in leading rapid marches bold flanking movements and furious assaults. he earned his nickname at the battle of first bull run for standing courageously against union fire. During the battle of Chancellorsville his own men accidently mortally wounded him.
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
rule by the army instead of the elected government
Martial Law
President’s idea of reconstruction : all states had to end slavery, states had to declare that their secession was illegal, and men had to pledge their loyalty to the U.S.
Presidential Reconstruction
Reconstruction strategy that was based on severely punishing South for causing war
Radical Reconstruction
13th: abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, 14th: secured the rights of former slaves after reconstruction, 15th: prohibits each government in the United States to prevent a citizen from voting based on their race
Reconstruction Amendments
- help former black slaves after civil war Organization run by the army to care for and protect southern Blacks after the Civil War
Freedmen’s Bureau
Ended Reconstruction. Republicans promise 1) Remove military from South, 2) Appoint Democrat to cabinet (David Key postmaster general), 3) Federal money for railroad construction and levees on Mississippi river
Compromise of 1877
Ended reconstruction because neither candidate had an electoral majority. The Democrat Sam Tilden loses the election to Rutherford B Hayes, Republican, was elected, and then ended reconstruction as he secretly promised.
Election of 1876
A person who works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent and repays loans by turning over to the landowner a share of the crops.
sharecropper
Enacted by Congress in 1793 and 1850, these laws provided for the return of escaped slaves to their owners. The North was lax about enforcing the 1793 law, with irritated the South no end. The 1850 law was tougher and was aimed at eliminating the underground railroad.
Fugitive Slave Law
…, A sequence of violent events involving abolitionists and pro-Slavery elements that took place in Kansas-Nebraska Territory. The dispute further strained the relations of the North and South, making civil war imminent.
Bleeding Kansas
…, John Brown’s scheme to invade the South with armed slaves, backed by sponsoring, northern abolitionists; seized the federal arsenal; Brown and remnants were caught by Robert E. Lee and the US Marines; Brown was hanged
Harper’s Ferry
…, Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south
Anaconda Plan
…, Issued by Abraham Lincoln on September 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free
Emancipation Proclamation
…, provided a settler with 160 acres of land if he promised to live and work for it at least five years, about 500,000 families took advantage of it
The Homestead Act of 1862
author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, a book depicting slave life in the South that essentially set off the Civil War.
Harriet Beecher Stowe
a black preacher who in 1831, led a revolt on a summer night in Southampton County, Virginia. They killed 60 whites and 100+ blacks were executed.
Nat Turner
general who fought in the Mexican American War who was later nominated for president by the Whigs in 1848.
Zachary Taylor
ratified in 1870, extended suffrage to adult male blacks.
Fifteenth Amendment
