unit 7 Flashcards
what is the best way to look at the relationship between sympathetic and parasympathetic system
the two working in concert to maintain homeostasis and optimal function
where are cell bodies located in the visceral afferent systme
posterior root ganglia or relevant cranial nerve ganglion
how do visceral afferent central processes enter the cord
via posterior rootlets or specific cranial nerves
visceral afferent peripheral processes carry impulses from the viscera to cell bodies via what
autonomic ganglia, plexus or even somatic nerves without synapse
what path may sympathetic afferent take to get from the viscera to the cell bodies
may travel through the sympathetic trunk and to spinal ganglia by passing through the white ramus communicans
what path may parasympathetic afferent take to get from the viscera to the cell bodies
travel in sacral spinal and cranial nerves
what receptors are visceral afferents associated with
they are sensitive to pressure, chemical concentrations and muscle stretching
pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers are carried in what cranial nerves
III, VII, IV, X, (oculomotor, facial, Glossopharyngeal, and vagas)
where do parasympathetic pre ganglionic fibers typically synapse
on post ganglionic neurons in peripheral ganglia
post-ganglionic parasympathetic extend to effector organs to
- decrease cardiac output
- constrict the bronchial tree
- constrict the pupils
- stimulate peristalsis
in general what will parasympathetics from CN III, VII, and IX supply
the structures in the head
in general what will parasympathetic from CN X supply
cardiac, respiratory and digestive structures in the next, thorax and abdomen
in general what will parasympathetic from S2,3, and 4 supply
the distal parts of the digestive system and urogenital systems
where are preganglionic parasympathetic cell does from the oculomotor nerve located
the accessory oculomotor nucleus (Edinger-Westphal)
where is the the accessory oculomotor nucleus (Edinger-Westphal) nucleus located
in the periaqueductal gray of the midbrain
what nerve are post-ganglionic parasympathetic axons carried in to enter the eyeball
the short ciliary nerves
what muscles doe the short ciliary nerves supply
the Ciliary muscle and the sphinter pupillae
what is the function of the ciliary muscle
contraction makes crystaline lens more convex to focus on closer objects
what is the function of the sphincter pupillae muscle
contraction decreases the size of the pupil
where are preganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies of the facial nerve located
in the superior part of the salivary nucleus
what branches of the facial nerve carry parasympathetic information
the Greater Petrosal nerve and the Chorda Tympani
the Greater petrosal nerve leaves the facial nerve at the ___________ and carries ________ parasympathetic fibers anteriorward through the _______________.
Geniculate ganglion, preganglionic , hiatus for the greater petrosal nerve
while carrying preganglionic parasympathetic fibers the greater petrosal nerve re-enters the _______ of the temporal bone through the ________, it travels in the __________ and ultimately joins the _________ ganglion
petrous part, foramen lacerum, pterygoid canal, pterygopalatine
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the greater petrosal nerve are distributed in what nerves
the lacrimal and pterygopalatine nerves
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the greater petrosal nerve reach what glands
lacrimal, nasal, palatine and pharyngeal glands
the Chorda tympani carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers through the ______(1) and leaves the temporal bone through the _______(2). from there is combines with the _____(3) nerve, a branch of the ______(4) division of the trigeminal nerve. the preganglionic fibers leave the ____(5) nerve to reach the _______ (6)ganglion
(1)tympanic cavity, (2)pterygotympanic fissure, (3)lingual nerve,(4) mandibular, ((5)lingual, (6)submandibular
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the chorda tympani travel to what glands found in the mucous membranes of the oral cavity
Submandibular and sublingual glands
what gland of the anterior tongue receives parasympathetic information from the submandibular gland
the lingual glands
where are the preganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies of the glossopharyngeal nerve located
the inferior part of the salivary nucleus
parasympathetic fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve are carried in what nerve that comes off at the inferior ganglion
the tympanic nerve
the fibers carried in the tympanic nerve are carried through the __________ into the _________
tympanic caniliculs, tympanic cavity
while in the tympanic cavity the tympanic nerve will receive postganglionic sympathetic fibers from what ganglion? what will this form
the superior cervical ganglion forming the tympanic plexus
the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the tympanic nerve will pass through the _____ plexus and reform the __________ nerve, which travels through the ________ to the _____ ganglion
tympanic, lesser petrosal, lesser petrosal canal, otic ganglion
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the otic ganglion are carried to what glands
the parotid and posterior lingual glands
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the otic ganglion reach the parotid gland via what nerve
the auricolutemporal nerve, a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the otic ganglion reach the posterior lingual gland gland via what nerve
lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve
are there potentially special sensory (taste) fibers in the lingual branch
yes some consider them as special visceral afferents
the glossopharyngeal nerve also carries visceral afferents in the branch of the carotid sinus from _____ of the carotid sinus and _____ in the carotid body
baroreceptors, chemoreceptors
