Unit 7

Question 1

The potential recipient of services or participant in a research study gives his or her explicit permission before any assessment or treatment is provided.

Answer 1

informed consent

Question 2

requires more than obtaining permission – permission must come after full disclosure and information is provided to the participant

Answer 2

informed consent

Question 3

Three tests must be met before informed consent can be considered valid

Answer 3

• capacity - information - voluntariness

Question 4

requires that the person (including the guardian) giving consent has reached the age of majority (usually 18 years) and is competent to make such decisions.

Answer 4

Capacity (elements of informed consent)

Question 5

• has reached age of majority - has NOT been adjudicated as incompetent

Answer 5

Legal Competence

Question 6

requires that the person giving consent be informed - that he or she has the right to refuse to give consent without penalty - that he or she may withdraw consent at any time without penalty

Answer 6

information (elements of informed consent)

Question 7

Must be informed of - the exact nature of the procedures - the expected benefits or the procedures - the potential risks of the procedures - the risks/benefits of alternative approaches

Answer 7

information (elements of informed consent)

Question 8

requires that there be no coercion or duress in obtaining consent

Answer 8

voluntariness

Question 9

for individuals incapable of giving informed consent, the bx analyst shall:

Answer 9

• provide an appropriate explanation - discontinue research if the person gives clear signs of unwillingness to continue participation - obtain appropriate permission from a legally authorized person, if such substitute consent is required by law

Question 10

when there is no one from whom consent can be obtained:

Answer 10

• the consumer’s bx must be judged to present imminent danger to self or others and that, within reasonable certainty, harm will result if services are not provided. - there must be a reasonable probability that the proposed bx analysis services will produce beneficial effects for the consumer without harmful effects. - procedural safeguards should be in place to protect the rights of the consumer and service provider.

Question 11

• the consumer has the right to revoke his or her consent at any time - consent should be time-limited and reviewed on a regular basis

Answer 11

Limits of Consent

Question 12

obtaining/reviewing consent must reflect:

Answer 12

• risk - intrusiveness - irreversibility

Question 13

general principle of informed consent

Answer 13

the riskier, more intrusive or more irreversible the activity; the more formal the consent process should be

Question 14

relatively informal vs. more formal examples of consent…

Answer 14

• implied (no objection) - oral - written or recorded

Question 15

Level of formality will determine who consents…

Answer 15

general principle – the less “mentally capable” the person, the more likely the consent of another will be required

Question 16

• whomever is granting consent must be provided with enough information - two-part process helps determine if the consent is truly informed

Answer 16

informed consent

Question 17

• consider current state of person - the person legally responsible for the patient must formally consent to the treatment before it begins. - consent must involve capacity

Answer 17

guidelines for voluntary/uncoerced informed consent

Question 18

bx analysts must maintain the _______ of individuals with whom they work.

Answer 18

confidentiality

Question 19

to minimize intrusions on privacy, bx analysts should include only

Answer 19

information germane to the purpose of communication and with appropriate individuals

Question 20

bx analysts must not

Answer 20

disclose information without consent unless mandated by law.

Question 21

BACB Task 1-5, assist the client with

Answer 21

identifying life style or systems change goals and targets for behavior change that are consistent with the applied dimension of applied bx analysis, applicable laws, and the ethical and professional standards of the profession of ABA.

Question 22

dignity, health and safety issues—

Answer 22

• often center on the contingencies and physical structures present in the environments in which people live and work - the BA should be acutely aware of these issues

Question 23

Favell and McGimsey (1993), Characteristics of a Therapeutic Environment.

Answer 23

list of acceptable characteristics of treatment environments to ensure dignity, health and safety

Question 24

do we honor the person’s choices? do we provide adequate space for privacy? do we look beyond the person’s disability and treat the individual with respect?

Answer 24

questions to ask in order to insure dignity

Question 25

we can help to insure dignity by defining our role as a BA –

Answer 25

we use operant principles of bx to teach skills that will enable the learner to establish increasingly effective control over the contingencies in his or her own natural environment.

Question 26

everyone has the right to say…

Answer 26

yes, no, or sometimes nothing at all

Question 27

a central principle in the delivery of ethical bx services.

Answer 27

choice

Question 28

the act of making a choice requires two conditions be met

Answer 28

behavioral and stimulus alternatives must be possible and available.

Question 29

behavioral alternatives

Answer 29

means that the person must be capable of performing the actions required by the alternatives and those alternatives must be available e.g., to leave a room, a person must be physically capable of opening the the door and the door must not be blocked or locked

Question 30

stimulus alternatives

Answer 30

refers to the simultaneous presence of more than one stimulus item from which to choose

Question 31

to have a fair choice

Answer 31

alternatives must be present the client must be able to perform each choice and to experience the natural consequences of the choice

Question 32

advocating for the client involves:

Answer 32

• providing necessary and needed services - embracing the scientific method - evidence-based best practice and least restrictive alternatives - avoiding conflicts of interest - avoiding dual relationships

Question 33

BACB task 1-6

Answer 33

initiate, continue, modify, or discontinue bx analysis services only when the risk-benefit ratio of doing so is lower than the risk-benefit ratio for taking alternative actions.

Question 34

prior to initiating services, a bx analyst has the responsibility to…

Answer 34

validate that a referral warrants further action.

Question 35

the first ethical challenge to the practitioner..

Answer 35

deciding whether to accept or reject the case

Question 36

the decision to provide treatment may be divided into 2 sequential decisions

Answer 36

1 - the the presenting problem amenable to behavioral intervention? 2 - is the proposed intervention likely to be successful?