Unit 6 Water Quality Flashcards
What are the properties of water?
- high heat capacity
- moderates climate
- expands and reduces in density when frozen
- universal solvent
How much water on the earth is fresh?
3 and mostly frozen
What is transpiration?
Water vapour released by plants
What is sediment pollution?
Soil particles erode and accumulate at the bottom of water bodies
What are some problems with algae burst?
- Turbidity-reducing light penetration
- siltation that destroys fish habitat (spawning)
- adhered pollutants (fertilizer)
What is it called when phosphorus or nitrogen is released into the water systems?
Eutraficarion
What is cultural eutrophication?
When humans speed up a natural process
How do humans reduce oxygen in water systems?
By stimulating decomposes
What is BOD?
Biochemical oxygen demand
What’s the relationship between DO AND BOD
Inverse
When did lake Winnipeg start being polluted badly?
1990’s
How much blue green algae is in lake Winnipeg compared to other algae?
90%
What are some sources of phosphorus to lake Winnipeg?
- detergent
- sewage
- pig farming
- fetilizer
How much phosphorus is in lake Winnipeg?
540 tones
What are the 3 types of diseases causing micro-organisms?
Bacteria
Viruses
Protozoa
Where do fecal coliforms come from?
Sewage and manure
What is cynobacteria and why is it special
Blue green algae and it is special because it can take nitrogen from the atmosphere where all other bacterias need there nitrogen from the water
What is the ratio of p to n for a healthy water system?
16N
1P
What are the 3 steps of greeting water
1 primary- remove sediments
2 secondary - manage BOD by increasing bacteria to remove all biochemical substance
3 tertiary - remove bacteria with UV or chlorine
What is an unsaturated zone?
Saturated zone?
Unsaturated is room for water
Saturated is no room for water
What is the water table?
The point where the ground can’t hold any more water
What is an influent stream?
It is a water body where the water table is below the bottom of the water body so it can drain into the ground
What is an effluent stream?
It is a body of water where the water body is above the water body so the ground underneath is saturated
What percentage of freshwater is used for irrigation
71
What is salinization?
When minerals build up in soil and impare crops
What is the ogallala aquifer?
One of the largest aquafer in the world and it drops 2 feet a year
How much of the world fresh water is in Canada?
7%
What are the 3 R’s of water consumption?
Reduce consumption
Repair leaky pipes
Retrofit with 2 technology
