Unit 3 Biodiversity Management Flashcards
What is biodiversity?
Variety of life in all forms
What is four front is biodiversity defined on?
- landscapes
- ecosystems/habitats
- species and their 3 components (evenness, richness, and dominance)
- gene pool
What is biodiversity linked too?
Goods and services we need to fulfill our requirements
What is wildlife important?
- Economic value
- Ecological life support
- Cultural value
- Recreational value
- Scientific value
(6. Negative value)
What is a keystone species?
A species that hold the ecosystem together, and if they are removed from the ecosystem the ecosystem falls apart
What is a trophic cascade?
When a top predator is removed and the ecosystem collapses from the top down
What is population growth rate?
Percentage increase in population over a period of time
What is doubling time?
The time it takes for a population to double of the growth rate states the same
What is exponential growth?
Increase by a fixed percentage over time
"J" shaped graph
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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_/ Like that but more curvy
What is logistic growth?
When a population is levelled out by the carrying capacity of an ecosystem
_______carrying capacity of
/ This ecosystem for
/ This organism
/
_________/
What is an invasive species?
Not local, brought in - take resources from local species.
Why are AIS important?
- ecological changes
- economic losses
- Heath concerns
- recreational losses
- not difficult to transport
What is the anthropocene era?
Humans are responsible for the 6th mass extinction
What are some major threats of biodiversity?
- hunting, poaching, fishing
- pollution
- loss of habitat
- climate change
- invasive species
- human populations/overconsumption
Why are some species more vulnerable than others?
- long lived and delayed maturity
- limited habitat availability
- low reproductive rate
- breed in colonies ( high density population)
- specific requirements at life stages
- niche specialization (pandas bamboo)
What is a species of special concern?
A species particularly sensitive to human activities.
What is a threatened species?
It is a species likely to become endangered if hunting factors are not reserved.
What is a species that is extirpated?
It means the species no longer exists a in the wild.
What is a species that is extinct?
No longer exists.
What is a Canadian national park?
It is a country wide system of representative natural areas of Canadian significance.
They are protected but open to the public, for sustainable development.
What is ecological integrity?
Keeping ecosystems healthy and whole.
What is special about riding mountain nation park?
- it is a biosphere reserve
- contains 3 ecozones
How do we solve the problem of fragmented ecozones?
Establish bigger zones and biosphere reserves to remove conflict. (Make agreements with land owners to find a common ground for migration and other stuff of sort)
What is the problem with finding common ground with farmers?
Bovine tuberculosis.
Carried by elk, kills cows
What’s the difference between provincial and federal parks?
Federal try to make the landscape the way it was before humans, where as provincial try to make it work with humans at and equilibrium.
What is a forest?
Ecosystem dominated by trees including vertical layers (canopy, shrubs, forest floor)
What are the ecological values of a forest?
- carbon store
- biodiversity
- movement of water and purification
- oxygen production
- soil development
What’s are some stresses on Canadian forests?
- logging
- mining
- hydro dams
What’s are some the 2 forest types?
Secondary growth and old growth
What is a secondary growth forest?
Regenerating forest after natural disaster or human activities, trees are more closely spaced, more vegetation in the forest floor and less biodiversity are all features of a secondary growth forest.
What is an old growth forest?
About 100-500 years of age, they contain large trees, large dead trees, large logs on forest floor, multiple vertical layers
Lots of niches
