Unit 6 Vocab Flashcards
Imperialism
When a nation extends its power and influence over other territories, often through military force or political control to gain economic benefits, advantages, or cultural dominance
“Big Children”
People of Pacific Oceania were referred as this because they lived closer to nature than their civilized counterparts and were distant to European high culture
Scientific Racism
The use of pseudo-scientific theories and methods to justify racial discrimination and promote the idea that certain races are inherently superior or inferior to others
EX: measuring skulls
Civilizing Mission
the belief held by European powers that they had a moral duty to spread their culture, religion, and way of life to “less civilized” societies, often justifying their colonial expansion
Social Darwinism
application of survival of the fittest to human societies, justifying the idea that certain races or groups are superior and have the right to dominate weaker ones
Scramble for Africa
the rapid colonization of African territories by European powers during the late 19th century, where nations competed to claim as much African land as possible
Settler colonies
A colony where a large number of people from the colonizing power migrated to and settled in a new territory, essentially establishing a new society largely based on their own culture, often displacing indigenous population
Indian Rebellion 1857-1858
A large-scale uprising against the British East India Company’s rule in India, primarily sparked by discontent among Indian soldiers (sepoys) due to cultural and religious grievances
Congo Free State
A large region in Central Africa, where King Leopold II of Belgium (1885-1908) exploited the local population through forced labor to extract rubber and ivory, leading to widespread suffering and death
Cultivation System
A forced labor system implemented by the Dutch East India Company in modern Indonesia during the 19th century, where native farmers were required to dedicate a portion of their land to growing export crops like coffee and sugar to meet European market demand
Cash crop production
The large scale cultivation of agricultural crops primarily grown to be sold on the market for profit, rather than for personal consumption by the farmer
Chinese Exclusion Act
A US federal law that banned Chinese laborers from immigrating to the country for 10 years
Africanization of Christianity
the process where traditional African beliefs and practices were integrated into the Christian faith by African converts, essentially adapting Christianity to fit their cultural understanding and customs
