unit 6 vocab Flashcards
a suburb that has grown rapidly into a large and sprawling city with more than 100000 residents
boomburg
a theory used to describe the spatial relationship between cities and their surrounding communities
central place theory
a type of community located on the outskirts of a large city with commercial centers with office space, retail, complexes, and other amenities typical of an urban center
edge city
a topically fast growing community of or an on the edge of a metropolitan area where the resident and community are closely connected to the central city and suburbs
exurb
a model tha predicts the interaction between two or more places; geographers derived the model from Newton’s low of universal gravitation
gravity model
redevelopment that identifies and develops vacant parcels of land within previously built areas
infill
a city with a population of more than 10 million
megacity
a city with a population of more than 290 million
metacity
a city and the surrounding areas that are influenced economically and culturally buy the city
metropolitan city
in central place theory the distance that someone is willing to travel for a good or service
range
the larges city in a country, which far exceeds the next city in population size and importance
primate city
explanation of size of cities within a country, states that second - largest city will be one half the size of the largest. the third largest will be one third the size of the largest and so on
rank size rule
in central place theory, the number of people needed to support a business
threshold
a city and its surrounding suburbs
urban area
areas of poor planned low density development surrounding a city
urban sprawl
a city that wields political, cultural, and economic influence pm a global scale
world city
a model of urban development depicting a city with three central business districts, growing outward in a series of concentric rings
African city model
a model of urban development depicting a city grown outward from a central business district in a series of economic rings
concentric-zone model
a high poverty urban area in a disadvantage location containing steep slopes flood prone ground, rail lines landfills or industry
disamentity zone
a model of urban development depicting a city where economic activity has moved the central business distinct toward losing coalitions of other urban areas and suburbs also knows as the peripheral model
galactic city model
a model of urban development depicting a city with a central business district concentric rings and sections stricken by poverty; also known as the Griffin Ford model
Latin American city model
a model of urban development depicting a city where growth occurs around the progressive integration of multiple nodes, not around one central business district
multiple nuclei model
the focal point of a functional region
node
a model of urban development depicting a city with wedge shaped sectors and divisions emanating from the central business district, generally along transit routes
sector model
a model of tuba development depicting a city oriented around a port and lacking a formal central business district, growing a formal central business district growing outward in a concentric rings and along multiples nodes
Southeast Asian City model
an informal housing area beset with over crowding and poverty that features temporary homes often made of wooden scraps or metal sheeting
squatter settlement
the process of dividing a city or urban area into zones with which only certain land uses are permitted
zoning
a practice by real estate agents who would stir up concern that black families would soon move into a neighborhood; the agents would convince white property owners to sell their houses at below market prices
blockbusting
abandoned and polluted industrial site in a central city or suburb
brownfield
segregation that results from residential settlement patterns rather than from prejudicial laws
de facto segregation
impact of a person or community on the enviornment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources
ecological footprint
a government’s right to take over privately owned property for public use or interest
eminent domain
the ways in which communities of color and poor people are more likely to be exposed to enviornmental burdens such as air pollution or contaminated water; also called enviornmental racism
enviornmental injustice
a school of thought that promotes designing growth to limit the amount of urban sprawl and preserve nature and usable farmland
new urbanism
practice by which a financial institution such as a bank refuses to offer home loans on the basis of a neighborhoods racial or ethnic makeup
redlining
planning conducted on a regional scale that seeks to coordinate the developementof housing, transportation, urban infastructure, and economic activites
regional planning
a ring of parkland agricultural land, or other type of open space maintained around on urban area to limit sprawl
greenbelt
law that creates affordable housing by offering incentives for developers to set aside a minimum percentage of new housing construction to be allocated for low-income renters or buyers
inclusionary zoning law
the legal rights as defined by a society associated with owning land
land tenure
a single planned developement designed to include multiple uses, such as residential, retail, educational, recreational, industrial, and office spaces
mixed-use development
zoning that permits multiple land uses in the same space or structure
mixed-use zoning
city where planners have used smart-growth policies to decrease the rate at which the city grows outward
slow-growth city
policy implemented to create sustainable communities by placing developement in convenient locations and designing it to be more efficient and enviornmentally responsible
smart-growth policy
zoning that creates seperated zones based on land-use type or economic function such as various categories or residential (low,medium, or high-density) commercial or industrial
traditional zoning
the creation of dense, walkable, pedestrian-oriented, mixed-use communities centered around of located near a transit station
transportation-oriented developement
a boundary that seperated urban land uses from rural land uses by limiting how far a city can expand
urban growth boundary
the nationwide movement that developed in the 1950s and 1960s when US cities were given massive federal grants to tear down and clear out slums as a means of rebuilding their downtowns
urban renewal
a measure of how safe, convenient, and efficient it is to walk in an urban enviornment
walkability
an area that has been largely deserted due to lack of jobs, declines in land values, and falling demand
zone of abandonment
the process of neighborhood change in which housing vacated by more affluent groups passes down the income scale to lower-income groups
filtering
