Unit 3 Vocab Flashcards
acculturation
the process by which people within one culture adopt some of the traits of another while still retaining their own distinct culture
assimilation
category of which acculturation in which the interaction of two cultures results in one culture adopting almost all of the customs, traditions, language, and other cultural traits of the other.
centrifugal force
a force that divided a group of people
centripetal force
a force that unites a group of people
collectivist cultures
a culture in which people are expected to confirm to collective responsibility within a family and to be obedient and respectful of elderly family memebrs
contagious diffusion
the process by which an idea or cultural traits spreads rapidly among people of all social classes and levels of power
creolization
the blending of two or more languages that may not include the features of either original language
cultural appropriation
the act of adopting elements of another country
cultural convergence
the process by which cultures become more similar through interaction
cultural divergence
the process by which cultures become less similar due to conflicting beliefs or other barriers
cultural hearth
an area where cultural traits develope and from which cultural traits diffuse
cultural landscape
a natural landscape that has been modified by humans, relflecting their cultural beliefs and values
cultural norm
a shared standard or pattern that guides the behavior of a group of people
cultural relativism
the evalution of a culture by its own standards
cultural trait
a shared object or cultural practice
culture
the beliefs, values, practices, behaviors, and technologies shared by a society and passed down from generation to generation
denomination
a separate church organization that unites a number of local congregations
dialect
a viraration of a standard language specific to a gernal area with differences in pronunciation , degree of rapidity in speech word choice and spelling
diffusion
the process by which a cultural trait spreads from one place to another over time
ethnic neighborhood
a cultural landscape within a community of people outside of their area of origin
ethnicity
the state belonging to a group of people who share a common cultural characteristics
ethnocentrism
the tendency of ethnic groups to evaluate other groups according to proconvieved ideas originating from their own cultrue
expansion diffusion
the spread of cultural trait outward from where it originated
gender identity
an indiviual’s innermost concept of self as male, female, a blend of both, or neither
genered space
a space designed and deliperately incorporated into the landscape to accommadate gender roles
gentrification
the renovations and improvements conforming to middle-class preference
heirachical diffusion
the spread of an idea ot trait from a person or place of power or authority to other people or places
idenitity
the ways in which humans make sense of themselves and how they wish to be viewed by others
isolate
a language that is unrelated to any other known language
language
a distinct system of communication that is the carrier of human thoughts and cultural identity
language branch
a collection of languages within a language family that shares a common origin and seperated from other branches in the same family several thousand years ago
language family
a group of languages that share a common ancestral language from a particular hearth, or region of origin
language group
languages within a language branch that shares a common anceerotr in the relatively recent oast and have vocabularies with a high degree of overlap
lingua franca
common language used among speakers of different languages
multiculturalism
a situation in which different cultures live together without assimilating
pilgrimage
a journey to a holy place for spiritual reasons
placemaking
a community-dirven process in which people collaborate to create a place where they can live,work,play, and learn
populare culture
the widespread behaviors, belifsm and practice soft ordinary people in society at a given point in time
postmodern architecture
a building style that emerged as a reaction to “modern” designs, and values diversity in design
religion
a system of spiritual belifsm that helps form cultural perceptions, attuides, beliefs, and avalues
relocation diffusion
the spread of culture traits through the movement of people
sect
a relativity small group of people that have seperated from an established denomination
secularized
focused on worldly rather than spiritual concepts
sense of place
the subjective feelings and memories people associate with a geographic location
stimulus diffusion
the process by which a cultural trait or idea spreads to another culture or region but its modified to adapt to the new culture
syncretism
process of innovatin combining different cultural features into something new
traditional architecture
an established building style of different cultures, religions, and places
traditional culture
the long-establsihed behaviors, beliefs, and practices passed down from generation to generation
universalizing religion
a religion that tries to appeal to all humans and is open to membership by everyone.
ethnic religion
a religion that is closely tied with a particular ethnic group often living in a particular space
