unit 2 Vocab Flashcards
agriculture density
the total number of farmers per unit of arable land.
antinatalist
describing attuides or policies that discourage childbearing as a means of limiting population growth
arimethmetic density
the total number of people per unit area of land; also called crude density
asylum
the right to protection in a country
brain drain
the less of trained or educated people in lure of work in another-often richer-country
carrying capacity
the maximum population size an enviornment can sustain
chain migration
the type of migration in which people move to a location because others from their community have previously migrated there
circular migration
migration patterns in which migrant workers move back and forth between their country of origin and the destination country where they work temporary jobs.
crude birth rate (CBR)
the number of births in a given year per 1,000 people in a given population.
crude death rate (CDR)
the number of deaths in a given year per 1,000 people in a given population
demographic transition model
a model that represents shifts in the growths of the worlds populations, based on population trends related to birth rate and death rate
dependency ratio
the number of people in a dependent age group (under the age 15 or age 65 and older) divided by the number of people in the working-age group (age 15-65) multiplied by 100
distance decay
a principle stating that the farther away one thing is from another the less interaction the two will have
doubling time
the number of years in a which a population growing at a certain rate would double
epidemiological transition model (ETM)
a model that describes changes in fertility, mortality, life expectancy, and population age, distrubition, largely as the result of changes in causes of death
forced migration
type of migration in which people are compelled to move by economic, political, enviornmental, or cultural factors
friction of distance
a concept that states that the longer journey is, the more time, effort, and cost it will involve
gravity model
a model that predicts the interaction between two or more places; geographers derived the model from newton’s law of universal gravitation
guest workers
migrant who travels to a new country as temporary labor
human migration
the permanent movement of people from one place to another
human trafficking
defined by the United Nations as “the recruitment transportation, harboring, or receipt of persons of improper means (such as force, abduction, fraud, or coercion)
immigration
movement to a location
infant mortality rate (IMR)
the number of deaths of children under the age of 1 per 1,000 live births
internal migration-
movement within a countries boarders
internally displaced person
a person who has been forced to flee his or her home but remains within the country’s boarders
interregional migration
movement from one region of the country to another
intervening obsatcle
an occurrence that’s holds migrants back
intervening oppertunity
an occurrence that causes migrants to pause their journey by choice
intraregional migration
movement within one region of the country
life expectancy
the average number of years a person is expected to live
neo-malthusian
describing the theory related to the idea that population growth is unsustainable and that the future population cannot be supported by Earth’s resources
net-migration
the difference between the number of emigrants and immigrants in a location, such as a city or country
physiological density
the total number of people per arable land
population density
the number of people occupying a unit of land
population distrubition
wheren people live in a geographic area
population pyramid
a graph that shows the age-sec distrubition of a given population
pronatalist
describing attitudes or policies that encourage childbearing as a means of spurring population g
pull factor
a positive cause that attracts someone to a new location
push factor
a negative cause that compels someone to leave a location
quota
limit on the number of immigrants allowed into the country each year
rates of natural increase
rate at which a population grows as the result of the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate
refugees
a person who is forced to leave his or her country for fear of persecution or death
relocation diffusion
the spread of cultural traits through the movement of people
remittances
money earned by an emigrants abroad and sent back to his or her home country
sex ratio
the proportion of males and females in one a population
step migration
series of smaller moves to get to the ultimate destination
total fertility rate
the average number of children one women in a given country or region will have during her childbearing years
transitional migration
international migration in which people retain strong cultural, emotional, and financial ties with their countries or origin
voluntary migration
type of migration in which people make the choice to move to a new place
emigration
movement away from a location
