Unit 6, Topic 1: DNA and RNA Structure

Question 1

What are double ring structures with a six-membered ring attached to a five membered ring?

Answer 1

puridine

Question 2

What are the single six-membered ring structures called?

Answer 2

pyrimidines

Question 3

What is the orientation of the DNA double helix?

Answer 3

antiparallel

This means that the 5’ end of one strand will face the 3’ end of the other.

Question 4

shorter, circular DNA molecules that may only contain one or a few genes.

Answer 4

plasmids

Question 5

single-stranded, often internally base paired, molecule that is involved in protein synthesis.

Answer 5

RNA

The RNA nucleotides are A, U, C, G.

Question 6

double-helical molecule that carries the hereditary information of the cell

Answer 6

DNA

Question 7

what is the backbone of DNA made of?

Answer 7

sugar and phosphate

Question 8

what is the center of DNA composed of?

Answer 8

nitrogenous bases

Question 9

What is the complementary strand to the strand 3’-ACTAG-5’?

Answer 9

5’-TGATC-3’

Question 10

What functional group defines the 5’ end of DNA?

Answer 10

phosphate group

Question 11

what functional group defines the 3’ end of DNA?

Answer 11

hydroxyl

Question 12

The DNA from a certain plant species is analyzed. The DNA contains 22% thymine. Determine the percent of the other bases.

Answer 12

Adenine - 22
Cytosine - 28
Guanine - 28

Question 13

Is DNA positively or negatively charged? How could you tell just by looking at a strand of DNA?

Answer 13

Negatively because of the bonds between phosphorus and oxygen

the phosphate backbone

Question 14

True or false: plasmids replicate separately from chromosomal DNA.

Answer 14

true