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unit 6 test Flashcards

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1
Q

developmental psychology

A

a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive and social change

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2
Q

zygote

A

the fertilized egg; it enters a 2 week period of rapid cell division and develops into an embryo

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3
Q

embryo

A

the developing human organism from about a 2 weeks after fertilization through the 2nd month

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4
Q

fetus

A

the developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth

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5
Q

teratogens

A

chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo/fetus and can cause harm

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6
Q

fetal alchohol syndrome

A

physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by pregnant woman drinking

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7
Q

habituation

A

decreasing responsiveness with repeated exposure to a stimulus

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8
Q

maturation

A

biological growth processes that allow orderly changes in behavior

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9
Q

cognition

A

all the mental activities associated with thinking knowing remembering and communicating

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10
Q

schema

A

an idea or model

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11
Q

assimilation

A

to add

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12
Q

accommodation

A

to change our understanding

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13
Q

sensorimotor

A

infants know the world mostly out of there sensory impressions

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14
Q

object permanence

A

the awareness that objects continue to exist even when not perceived

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15
Q

pre operational

A

2 to 6/7 years a child learns to use language but doesn’t yet comprehend mental operations

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16
Q

conservation

A

properties such as mass, volume, number remain the same despite changes in the form of objects

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17
Q

egocentrism

A

Childs difficulty taking another point of view

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18
Q

theory of mind

A

peoples ideas about their own and others mental states

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19
Q

concrete operational

A

7-11 years, children can think logically about events

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20
Q

formal operational

A

age 12, people begin to think logically about abstract concepts

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21
Q

scaffolding

A

a framework that offers children temporary support as they develop higher levels of thinking

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22
Q

ASD

A

a disorder that appears in childhood, deviancies, in communication, social interaction, fixed interests and repetitive behaviors `

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23
Q

stranger anxiety

A

the fear of strangers that infants commonly display

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24
Q

attachment

A

an emotional tie with another person

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25
Q

critical period

A

an optimal period when certain events must take place to facilitate proper development

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26
Q

imprinting

A

the process at which certain animals form strong attachments during early life

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27
Q

strange situation

A

a child is placed in an unfamiliar environment while the caregiver leaves than returns

28
Q

secure attachment

A

responsive mothers children

29
Q

insecure attachment

A

unresponsive mothers children

30
Q

temperament

A

a persons innate and inborn characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity

31
Q

basic trust

A

a sense that the world is predictable and reliable

32
Q

self concept

A

an understanding and assessment of who they are

33
Q

sex

A

the biological influenced characteristics by which people define male and female

34
Q

gender

A

the socially influenced characteristics by which people define boy, girl, man and women

35
Q

agression

A

any physical/verbal behavior intended to harm someone physically/emotionally

36
Q

regional aggression

A

an act of aggression intended to harm a persons relationship or social standing

37
Q

role

A

a set of norms about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave

38
Q

gender role

A

a set of expected behaviors , attitudes, and traits for males/females

39
Q

gender identity

A

our sense of being male, female, some combination of the 2 or nuetral

40
Q

social learning theory

A

we learn social gender behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished

41
Q

gender typing

A

the acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role

42
Q

andronomy

A

a blend of male and female roles

43
Q

transgender

A

a gender identity/expression different then their birth designated sex

44
Q

adolescence

A

the transition period from childhood to adulthood extending from puberty to adulthood

45
Q

puberty

A

the period of sexual maturation during which a person becomes capable of reproducing

46
Q

identity

A

our sense of self

47
Q

social identity

A

the we aspect of our self concept

48
Q

emerging adulthood

A

a period from about age 18 to the mid twenties when in many western cultures are no longer adolescents but haven’t achieved full independence as adults

49
Q

X chromosome

A

mother contributor to chromosome pair

50
Q

Y chromosome

A

making a male testosterone the main mail hormone

51
Q

primary sex characteristics

A

organs and extra genitalia that make sexual reproduction possible

52
Q

secondary sex characteristics

A

boobs, wider hips, boys facial hair

53
Q

supermarche

A

ejaculation

54
Q

menarche

A

menstrual period

55
Q

intersex

A

both sexual characteristics from unusual combinations of male and female chromosomes

56
Q

AIDS

A

depletes immune system

57
Q

sexual orientation

A

our enduring sexual attraction

58
Q

Jean Piaget

A

studied children cognition

59
Q

Lev Vygotsky

A

He believed that social interaction plays a critical role in children’s learning—a continuous process that is profoundly influenced by culture

60
Q

Harry harlow

A

the monkeys

61
Q

Konrad Lorenz

A

impriniting

62
Q

may ainsowrth

A

secure attachment experiment

63
Q

Eric Erickson

A

basic trust

64
Q

carol Gilligan

A

relationship with females in western cultures

65
Q

Kohlberg

A

preconventational, conventational, postconventational

ap psych (5 decks)

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