Unit 6 Globalization Flashcards
Globalisation
The process of international integration that results from the exchange of ideas, products, culture, and resources among countries around the world. It involves the removal of barriers to trade, communication, and transportation, which leads to increased interdependence and interconnectedness among nations.
NGOs
Non-governmental organizations are non-profit organizations that operate independently of any government, providing humanitarian aid and development assistance to communities, particularly in developing countries.
TNCs
Transnational corporations are companies that operate in multiple countries, with subsidiaries and production facilities around the world. They are large and influential corporations with a significant impact on the global economy and international trade.
Culture
The set of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that characterize a group or society. Culture includes language, religion, art, music, food, and other aspects of human life and expression.
Development
The process of improving the economic, social, and environmental well-being of a society, typically through the implementation of policies and programs aimed at reducing poverty, promoting education and health, and enhancing infrastructure and economic growth.
Interactions
The ways in which different systems or entities interact with each other, including economic, social, and environmental systems. Interactions can be positive or negative, and they can occur at different levels of scale and complexity.
Aid
Assistance provided to people or countries in need, usually in the form of money, goods, or services, to help alleviate poverty, support development, or respond to crises.
Trade
The exchange of goods or services between people, countries, or regions, typically in exchange for money or other valuable resources. Trade can occur within countries (domestic trade) or between countries (international trade), and it can have significant economic and social impacts.
Flow
The movement or transfer of something, such as goods, resources, people, or information, between different places or systems. Flows can be influenced by various factors, such as geography, technology, policy, or cultural factors.
How have TNCs made trade unfair?
Transnational corporations (TNCs) can have an unfair advantage in international trade because they often have greater financial resources, technology, and access to markets. This can result in them dominating markets, undercutting local businesses, and exploiting workers in developing countries.
What is the pattern of global trade?
The pattern of global trade is characterized by a concentration of trade flows among a small group of wealthy countries. These countries tend to be exporters of high-value goods and services, while developing countries tend to be exporters of low-value raw materials and commodities.
Can global trade ever be fair for all?
There is no easy answer to this question, as there are many factors that contribute to unequal outcomes in global trade. However, some argue that fair trade policies, improved regulation of TNCs, and greater transparency in international trade can help to level the playing field and make trade more equitable.
What are the main types of international flows? (financial, labour and information)
The main types of international flows are financial flows (e.g. foreign investment, remittances), labor flows (e.g. immigration, emigration), and information flows (e.g. communication, media).
Can aid be used to end poverty?
Aid can be an important tool in the fight against poverty, but it is not a silver bullet. Effective aid must be targeted, well-coordinated, and complemented by other measures such as trade reform, debt relief, and investment in infrastructure and human development.
Are cultural exchanges a positive or negative product of globalization?
Cultural exchanges can have both positive and negative effects on societies. On the one hand, they can promote greater understanding and appreciation of different cultures, foster tolerance and respect, and stimulate creativity and innovation. On the other hand, they can lead to cultural homogenization, the erosion of traditional values, and the spread of harmful practices such as cultural appropriation and exploitation.
