Unit 2 Urban

Question 1

Urban renewal

Answer 1

The process of improving and modernizing old or run-down urban areas, often through the redevelopment of buildings and infrastructure.

Question 2

Infrastructure

Answer 2

The physical structures and facilities needed for the functioning of a society, such as roads, bridges, buildings, and utilities.

Question 3

Migration

Answer 3

The movement of people from one place to another, often in search of better opportunities or living conditions.

Question 4

Urban decline

Answer 4

The deterioration of an urban area, often characterized by a decrease in population, economic activity, and quality of life.

Question 5

Urban regeneration

Answer 5

The process of revitalizing urban areas that have experienced decline, often through a combination of physical, economic, and social improvements.

Question 6

Megacity

Answer 6

A very large city with a population of over 10 million people.

Question 7

Rural / Urban

Answer 7

The division between areas that are predominantly agricultural and sparsely populated (rural) and those that are densely populated and have high levels of economic activity (urban).

Question 8

LIC / HIC / NEE

Answer 8

Acronyms used to describe the economic status of a country or region. LIC stands for Low-Income Country, HIC stands for High-Income Country, and NEE stands for Newly Emerging Economy.

Question 9

Megacities – How has the distribution of megacities changed over time

Answer 9

• Megacities are very large cities with a population of over 10 million people.
• The number and distribution of megacities have increased over time, particularly in developing countries, due to factors such as urbanization, industrialization, and population growth.
• Megacities are often centers of economic activity and cultural exchange, but they also face significant challenges such as environmental degradation, social inequality, and infrastructure constraints.

Question 10

Megacities – Opportunities and challenges

Answer 10

• Megacities offer many opportunities such as access to jobs, services, and cultural diversity.
• However, they also face challenges such as traffic congestion, air pollution, and inadequate infrastructure.
• The rapid population growth and urbanization in megacities can exacerbate these challenges and make them more difficult to manage.

Question 11

Rural to urban migration (Natural increase)

Answer 11

• Rural-to-urban migration is the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas in search of better opportunities and living conditions.
• Natural increase is the difference between the number of births and deaths in a population.
• Together, these factors contribute to the growth of urban populations and the decline of rural populations.

Question 12

How can urban areas be managed more sustainably?

Answer 12

• Urban areas can be managed more sustainably through measures such as urban planning, green infrastructure, and sustainable transportation.
• These measures aim to reduce the negative impacts of urbanization on the environment, society, and economy, and promote more sustainable patterns of development.

Question 13

How can urban areas be regenerated?

Answer 13

• Urban areas can be regenerated through a combination of physical, social, and economic interventions, such as renovating buildings, improving infrastructure, and investing in local businesses.
• Urban regeneration aims to revitalize areas that have experienced decline and promote more sustainable patterns of urban development.