Unit 6 - Chemical Equations Flashcards

0
Q

Symbols used in writing chemical equations

A
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1
Q

Definition of a balanced chemical equation:

A

no atoms are lost or gained

the number of reacting atoms is equal to the number of product atoms

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2
Q

Law of Conservation of Mass

A

Mass is neither created or destroyed during a chemical reaction - it is conserved.

Mass Reactants = Mass Products

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3
Q

Subscript

A

Small numbers to the lower right of chemical symbols. Represent the number of atoms of each element in a molecule.

O₂

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4
Q

Coefficients

A

The large numbers in front of chemical formulas. Represents the number of molecules of the substance.

2Al

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5
Q

Diatomic Molecules

A

If these elements appear by themselves in an equation, the must be in pairs with the subscript 2.

(H₂, N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂, Br₂, I₂)

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6
Q

Reactants

A

Substances being mixed in a chemical reaction. The left side of the equation.

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7
Q

Products

A

Substance(s) being made. Right side of the equation.

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8
Q

Synthesis or Combination

A

Two or more elements combine to make one product.

A + B –> AB

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9
Q

Decomposition Reaction

A

One reactant breaks down into two or more elements.

AB –> A + B

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10
Q

Single Replacement

A

An element and a compound are located on each side of the equation. The element on the reactant side switches with the similarly charged ion within the compound on the reactant side.

A + BC –> AC + B

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11
Q

Double Displacement

A

There are two compounds on each side of the equation. During a DD Reaction the positively charged cations in each compound switch places. Also known as Precipitate Reaction.

AB + CD –> AD + CB

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12
Q

Precipitate

A

Formation of a solid in a solution.

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13
Q

Combustion

A

Any compound formed from only Carbon an Hydrogen (fuel) added to Oxygen to produce Carbon Dioxide and Water.

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14
Q

Predict the products and write a balanced equation from the following word statement:

Methane (CH₄) plus Oxygen Gas forms:

A
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15
Q

How to PREDICT PRODUCTS of the 4 Main Types of Chemical Reactions.

A
16
Q

Predict the products of and write a balanced equation from the following word statement:

Methane (C3H8) reacts with Oxygen gas to form __________.

A
17
Q

Write a chemical equation from the following word equation:

Magnesium reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide.

A

2Mg + O₂ –> 2MgO

18
Q

Write a chemical equation from the following word equation:

Magnesium reacts with aluminum chloride to form magnesium chloride and aluminum.

A

3Mg + 2AlCl₃–> 3MgCl₂ + 2Al

19
Q

Write a chemical equation from the following word equation:

Sodium reacts with fluorine to form sodium fluoride

A

2Na + F₂–> 2NaF

20
Q

Write a chemical equation from the following word equation:

Lithium chloride reacts with magnesium nitrate to form lithium nitrate and magnesium chloride.

A

2LiCl + Mg(NO₃)₂ –> 2Li(NO₃) + MgCl₂

21
Q

Write a chemical equation from the following word equation:

Water decomposes into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas:

A

2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂

22
Q

Predict the products of and write a balanced equation from the following statement:

C₄H₆ + O₂ →

A

2C₄H₆ + 7O₂ →4CO₂ + 6H₂O

Combustion

23
Q

Predict the products of and write a balanced equation from the following statement:

Mg + I₂ →

A

Mg + I₂ →MgI₂

Synthesis

24
Q

Predict the products of and write a balanced equation from the following statement:

CuCl₂ + H₂S →

A

CuCl₂ + H₂S →CuS + 2HCl

Double Replacement

25
Q

Predict the products of and write a balanced equation from the following statement:

HCl + Zn →

A

2HCl + Zn →ZnCl₂ + H₂

Single Replacement

26
Q

Predict the products of and write a balanced equation from the following statement:

H₂O₂ →

A

H₂O₂ → H₂ + O₂

DECOMPOSITION

27
Q

Balance the following chemical equation:

__Al₂(SO₄)₃ + __Ca(OH)₂ → __Al(OH)₃ + __CaSO₄

A

Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3Ca(OH)₂ → 2Al(OH)₃ + 3CaSO₄

28
Q

Balance the following chemical equation:

__C₂H₆ + __O₂ → __CO₂ + __H₂O

A

2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O

29
Q

Balance the following chemical equation:

__C + __O₂ → __CO₂

A

1C + 1O₂ → 1CO₂

30
Q

C₄H₆ + O₂ →

A

2C₄H₆ + 7O₂ →4CO₂ + 6H₂O Combustion

31
Q

Mg + I₂ →

A

Mg + I₂ →MgI₂ Synthesis

32
Q

CuCl₂ + H₂S →

A

CuCl₂ + H₂S →CuS + 2HCl Double Replacement

33
Q

NaOH + HClO₄ →

A

NaOH + HClO₄ →NaClO₄+ H₂O Double Replacement

34
Q

HCl + Zn →

A

2HCl + Zn →ZnCl₂ + H₂ Single Replacement

35
Q

Na + MgCl₂ →

A

2Na + MgCl₂ →2NaCl + Mg Single Replacement

36
Q

CaCl₂ + K₂CO₃ →

A

CaCl₂ + K₂CO₃ →CaCO₃ + 2KCl Double Replacement

37
Q

K + Cl₂ →

A

2K + Cl₂ →2KCl Synthesis