Unit 6 (Brain and Brainstem)

Question 1

Four Major Brain Regions

Answer 1

the cerebrum, the cerebellum, diencephalon, and midbrain

Question 2

Cerebrum

Answer 2

conscious thought processes, intellectural functions, memory storage and processing, and conscious/subconcious regulation oof skeletal muscle contractions

Question 3

Diencephalon

Answer 3

the thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 4

Thalamus

Answer 4

relays and processes sensory information

Question 5

Hypothalamus

Answer 5

below the thalamus, controls emotions, autonomic functions, and hormone production

Question 6

Midbrain

Answer 6

processes visuial + auditory data, generates reflexive somatic motor responses, and maintains consciousness (under the diencephalon)

ALERTNESS

Question 7

Pons

Answer 7

relays sesnory information to the cerebellum and thalamus; subconcious somatic and visceral motor centers (under the midbrain)

Question 8

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 8

relays sensory info to. thalamus and other portions of brain stem; autonomic centers for regulation of viseral function (cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive system activites)

Question 9

What is considered parts of the brainstem?

Answer 9

Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

Question 10

Cerebral cortex

Answer 10

the right and left hemipsheres of the cerebrum, and it’s basically the surface that’s highly folded and covered with neurons that form a thin layer of grey matter

Question 11

Gyri

Answer 11

layers of rounded elevations used to increase surface area created by the cerebral cortex

Question 12

Suculi

Answer 12

shallow grooves that seperate the gyri

Question 13

Fissures

Answer 13

deeper grooves that serperate larger brain regions

Question 14

Ventricles of the brain

Answer 14

they’re 4 neural tubes that expand to form chambers during development, and they’re located throughout your brain/brainstem

Question 15

Lateral ventricles

Answer 15

by the cerebral hemispheres, and they are NOT connected

Question 16

Third ventricle

Answer 16

located in diencephalon

Question 17

Fourth ventricle

Answer 17

lives in the passageway called the cerebral aquaduct, and this ventricle narrows and becomes continuous w/the central canal of the spinal cord

Question 18

interventricular foramen

Answer 18

lateral + third ventricle community

Question 19

Cerebral Spinal Fluid Functions

Answer 19

also known as CSF, completely surrounds and bathes the exposed surfaces of CNS

f(x): 1) supporting the brain, 2) cushioning delicate stuctures, 3) transporting nutrients, chemical messengers, and wastes

Question 20

Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB)

Answer 20

isolates CNS nerual tissue from general circulation, formed by a network of tight junctions between endothelial cells of CNS capillaries

also astrocytes control BBB by releasing chemicals that control permeability of endothelium

Question 21

Association Fibers

Answer 21

interconnect ares of cerebral cortex

Question 22

Commissural fibers

Answer 22

interconnect cerebral hemispheres

Question 23

Projection Fibers

Answer 23

link cerebral cortex todiencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum, and spinalcord