Final Exam LOs 7 + 8

Question 1

Illustrate an overview of neural integration including sensory pathways, CNS processing pathways, and motor pathways

Answer 1

stimulus, depolarization of sensory receptor, action potential generation, propagation, and then CNS processing

Question 2

Motor Pathways (CNS)

Answer 2

corticospinal pathway, medial pathway, and lateral pathway

Question 3

Corticospinal pathway

Answer 3

motor pathway, in CNS, and deals with voluntary control over skeletal muscles (primary motor cortex)

Question 4

Somatic Sensory Pathways (CNS)

Answer 4

carries sensory info from the skin + muscles + body wall (head, neck, and limbs) to the CNS

posterior column pathway
spinocerebellar pathway
spinothalamic pathway

Question 5

Visceral Sensory Pathways

Answer 5

monitors visceral tissues + organs, primarily within the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

this is done through spinal nerves and cranialnerves, by interoceptors (nocireceptors etc.)

Question 6

Receptor Specificity

Answer 6

each receptor has a characteristic sensitivity

Question 7

Receptive Field

Answer 7

area is monitored by a single receptor cell

Question 8

Receptor Potential

Answer 8

either graded depolarization or graded hyperpolarization, the stronger the stimulus, the larger the receptor potential

Question 9

Generator Potential

Answer 9

a depolarizing receptor potential in a neural receptor

Question 10

General Sensory Receptors

Answer 10

nociceptors: pain
thermoreceptors: temperature
chemoreceptors: chemical concentration
mechanoreceptors: physical distortion, tactile, baroreceptors, and proprioceptors

Question 11

Spinothalamic Pathway

Answer 11

provides conscious sensations of crude touch, pressure, pain, and temperature

Question 12

Posterior Column Pathway

Answer 12

carries conscious sensations, fine touch, pressure, and vibration

Question 13

Spinocerebellar Pathway

Answer 13

Cerebellum receives proprioceptive info abt position of skeletal muscles, tendons, and joints

Question 14

Somatic Nervous System (SNS)

Answer 14

controls contractions of skeletal muscles

Question 15

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

Answer 15

controls visceral effectors, such as smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands

contains sympathetic + parasympathetic NS

Question 16

Sympathetic Nervous System

Answer 16

think fight-or-flight

stimulation and release of norepinephrine and epinephrine which are NT for ADRENERGIC membrane receptors

Question 17

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Answer 17

think rest-and-digest

all postganglionic neurons release ACh which is inactivated by AChE at synapse; the membrane receptors are nicotinic, and muscarnic