Muscles (head, pectoral girdle, and arm+shoulder) also Lab Quiz Questions Flashcards
What muscles move the Head and Anterior Neck
Masseter, Sternocleidomastoid, and Splenius
Masseter
A: elevates mandible to close jaw
O: zygomatic arch
I: lateral surface of mandibular jaw
Sternocleidomastoid
A: flexion (bilateral) and lateral flexion of neck and rotates head
O: manubrium sternal end of clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal bone
Splenius
A: extension of head and neck, lateral flexion and rotation of head and neck
O: spinous process of inferior cervicle and superior thoracic vertebrae
I: mastoid process, occipital bone, and transverse processes of superior cervicle vertebrae
What two muscles that move the head and neck have the mastoid process as an insertion point?
Sternocleidomastoid and Splenius
What muscles move the pectoral girdle?
Trapezius, Rhomboids (major+minor), Pectoralis minor, and Serratus anterior
Trapezius (P)
A: elevate, retract, and rotate, and depresses scapula and extends neck
O: posterior surface of occipital bone, spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae
I: lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
Rhomboid Major
A: adducts scapula and performs downward rotations
O: ligamentum nuchae; and spinous processes of vertebrae C7 and T1
I: medial border of scapula
Rhomboid Minor
A: adducts scapula and performs downward rotations
O: spinous processes of vertebra T2-T5
I: medial border of scapula
What is the main action of the rhomboids?
adducting scapula and performing downward rotations
What insertions do the rhomboids both share what insertion?
The medial border of the scapula
Pectoralis minor (A)
A: depresses and protracts shoulder; rotates scapula down and forward, plus elevates ribs
O: external surfaces of ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process of scapula
Serratus Anterior (A)
A: protracts shoulder; rotates superiorly (upward)
O: external surfaces of ribs 1-8
I: medial border of scapula
what muscles of the pectoral girdle have the share the medial border as an insertion sight?
rhomboids and serratus anterior
what muscles of the pectoral girdle both protract the shoulder?
Pectoralis minor and Serratus Anterior
What muscles move the arm at the shoulder?
deltoid, supraspinatus, subscapularis, teres major/teres minor, infraspinatus, coracobrachialis, pectoralis major, and latissimus dorsi
Deltoid
A: medial rotation + flexion of arm; (M) abduction of arm, and (P) lateral rotation + extension of arm
O:lateral third of clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Supraspinatus
A: ABDuction of arm
O: supraspinous process fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
Subscapularis
A: ADDuction and medial rotation of arm
O: subscapular fossa of scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
Teres Major
A: extension, ADDuction, and medial rotation of arm
O: scapula near inferior angle
I: medial lip of tubercal groove of humerus
Teres Minor
A: lateral rotation of arm
O: lateral border of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
Infraspinatus
A: lateral rotation of arm
O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
Coracobrachialis
A: flexion and ADDuction of arm
O: coracoid process of scapula
I: medial surface of humerus
Pectoralis Major
A: flexes, ADDucts, and medially rotates humerus
O: medial half of clavicle; sternum, and costal cartilages of ribs 1-6
I: lateral lip intertubercular groove of humerus
Latissimus Dorsi
A: extension, ADDuction, and medial rotation of arm
O: spinous processes of vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, illiac create, inferior 3 ribs
I: intertubercular groove of humerus
Which of the following actions is most likely carried out if a muscle cross the joint medially?
ADDuction
When a muscle contracts, the muscle ____________________ and the distance between the two attachments points is _________________.
shortens; reduced
Which of the following actions involves moving the entire leg away laterally from the body, at the hip and along the frontal plane?
ABduction
Action of masseter?
elevation
The splenius capitis is located on the ______________ side of the neck and the muscle’s action is _________________ when both the right and left splenius muscles contract?
posterior; extension
Which of the following remains mostly stationary during muscle contraction?
origin
Which cranial bone does the sternocleidomastoid attach to?
temporal bone
Which two bones does the pectoralis minor attach to? (select two)
scapula and ribs
The rhomboid major and minor muscles are deep/superficial to the trapezius and are attached to the medial/lateral border of the scapula.
deep/medial
Name the action of the supraspinatus muscle at the shoulder joint.
ABDuction
At different times, the deltoid can perform different functions. Which of the following “muscle part-action” combination is correct. Select three.
whole muscle- ABDuction
anterior part- flexion
posterior part- lateral rotation
Name the muscle that originates on the coracoid process of the scapula and insert on the medial margin of the shaft of the humerus.
coracobrachialis
Which of the following muscles attach (insert) on the proximal humerus? (select three)
pectorialis major, teres major, and infraspinatus
Which muscle attaches to the anterior side of the scapula?
subscapularis
