Unit 6 - Airway and Oxygen

Question 1

adjunct devices

Answer 1

used to maintain or open a casualty’s airway
- resuscitation masks
- oropharyngeal airway
- nasopharyngeal airway
- bag valve mask (BVM)
- manual suction
- pulse oximetry
- O2 admin

Question 2

advantages of breathing devices

Answer 2

• increase O2 conc in bloodstream (normal 21% in air)
• enhanced performance of artificial respiration (A/R)
• decrease transmission risk (both ways)

Question 3

oropharyngeal airway (OPA)

Answer 3

a curved device inserted through the patient’s mouth into the pharynx to help maintain an open airway
- only use if unconscious (no gag reflex)
- flange (flat end) against lips, not in mouth
- can go in with a skull fracture
- take out if become conscious or throw up
- neonate to adult sizes
- greatly decreases the chance of the tongue obstructing the airway
- measure corner ear to mouth

Question 4

nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)

Answer 4

A flexible tube that is inserted into a patient’s nose to provide an open airway
- conscious or semi conscious patients
- use if OPA not useable for the situation
- require lube before entry
- not used if head trauma or skull fracture
- measure corner ear to nose

Question 5

manual suction

Answer 5

is an airway device that “removes foreign matter by means of mechanical of manual device”
- used in gurgling sounds in breathing or ventilation
- suction max 10 sec at a time (2 breaths)
- blood, liquid, fluids, food particles, etc.

Question 6

resuscitation mask

Answer 6

• used to assist with rescue breathing.
• attach to 1-way valve mask
• tip facing forehead, base at mouth
• HTCL or JT
• oxy flow regulator: min 6

Question 7

bag valve mask (BVM)

Answer 7

A device with a one-way valve and a face mask attached to a ventilation bag; when attached to a reservoir and connected to oxygen, it delivers more than 90% supplemental oxygen.
1: ventilate non breathing casualty
2: assist breathing on respiration distressed casualty

Question 8

supplemental oxygen

Answer 8

indicated when O2 perfusion is inadequate and to decrease risk of shock
- atmospheric air 21% O2
- medical O2 is 99.995%
- white or green top indicate O2

Question 9

supplemental oxygen components

Answer 9

O2 cylinder
pressure regulator w flow meter
key
delivery device (ex mask)

Question 10

pressure regulator

Answer 10

The device used to lower the delivery pressure of oxygen from a cylinder and indicates amount of oxygen in the tank
- gasket/O-ring
- 2000psi = full
- 2oo psi = nearly empty

Question 11

flow meter

Answer 11

a device used to control the rate of oxygen being delivered in liters per minute
- normal is 1-15 lpm

Question 12

nasal cannula

Answer 12

• flow rate: 1-4 liters per min
• 24-36% O2 administered
• person must be breathing
• typically older casualties, combative, claustrophobic

Question 13

Non-rebreather mask (NRM)

Answer 13

• flow rate: 10 liters per min (max 15)
• 90%+ O2 administered
• person must be breathing

Question 14

oxygen delivery equation

Answer 14

(gauge pressure in PSI - residual pressure)(constant)
/ flow in lpm

D constant = 0.16L/psi
E constant = 0.28L/psi
M constant = 1.56L/psi

Question 15

O2 cylinder DOs

Answer 15

• use pressure gauges and flow meters meant for oxygen
• maintain hardware in good condition
• medical grade O2
• store cylinder in cool, ventilated room
• test cylinder every 5 years or per manufacturer