unit 6 Flashcards
dendrites
Helps to transmit signals, brings them into the rest of the neuron
cell body
Holds organelles and the nucleus, contains dna
nucleus
Guides the axon hillock
nissl bodies
Synthesises and sorts proteins
axon hillock
Controls initiation of electrical impulses
axon
Carries the electrical impulses
Schwann cell
Maintains the peripheral nervous system
mylein sheath
Quickens the electrical impulses
node of ranvier
Helps ions diffuse in and out of neuron
axon terminals
Helps neurons conduct electrical impulses down another neuron
synapse
Passes electrical/chemical signals other neurons
RAS
Controls the waking and sleeping/fight or flight response
frontal lobe
Supports head structures/protects the brain
parietal lobe
receives/processes sensory inputs (touch, pressure, heat, cold, pain, etc)
temporal lobe
Processes sounds and encodes memory
occipital lobe
Processes distance, depth perception, color determination, facial recognition, and memory formation
brain stem
Breathing, consciousness, blood pressure, heart rate, and sleep
cerrebellum
Muscle control, balance/movement
motor area
Directs movement in the body
sensory area
Processes visual info/object recognition
broca’s area
Processes speech
Wenicke’s Area
Helps for us to speak
hippocampus
memory/learning/emotions
amygdala
Processes memories and emotions related to fear, strong and imediate emotions
action potential steps
1 - Resting state
2- A stimulus opens up some of the sodium channels.
3 - More sodium channels open up
4 - Sodium channels close, potassium channels open
5 - Potassium channels close slowly
6 - Return to resting state
Neurotransmitter
The electrical signal in the axon is converted into a chemical signal by special chemicals called neurotransmitters.
The neurotransmitter carries the message across the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next.
reflex
quick and automatic reaction, not conscious thought
sodium potassium pump
neuroplasticity
the ability to learn and develop new skills
drugs on brain
shaped like neurotransmitters that open receptors to release brain chemicals
somatic
relates to central nervous system
autonomic
relates to peripheral nervous system
symptomatic nervous system
responds to dangerous/stressful situations
reflex arc
reflex pathway thing
sensory neuron
activated by outside environment
motor neurons
directly controls movement
integration
how brain regions work together
effector cell
defend body in immune response
cerebrum
manages all conscious thoughts
cerebellum
movement regulation and balance control
