Unit 6 Flashcards
Occurs when the blood vessels in the coronary arteries narrow which results in reduced blood flow to the heart muscle and deprives it of oxygen and nutrients. Can lead to MI or CVA
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
What are the symptoms of CAD?
Angina pectoris, shortness of breath, edema or swelling (usually in legs and feet), and poor circulation
Occurs when all or part of the blood flow to the heart is blocked due to a blood clot or plaque. This prevents that part of the heart from receiving oxygen or nutrients and that area dies
Myocardial Infarct (MI)
Occurs when the heart muscle cannot pump the blood normally
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
What causes CHF?
MI, hypertension, valve problems, anything that damages the heart muscle
What are a CNA’s responsibilities with a resident who has CHF?
I&O, weigh daily, fluid restrictions, and exercise.
A progressive lung disease people live with
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
What are the two types of COPD?
Chronic bronchitis and emphysema
Inflammation of the lining of the bronchi
Chronic bronchitis (although it can be an acute condition)
Chronic incurable lung disease characterized by overstretched lung sacs
Emphysema
A chronic disorder caused by irritants such as pollen, dust, or cold air.
Asthma
Infection of the lung sometimes caused by aspiration
Pneumonia
What are the symptoms of pneumonia?
High fever, cough, SOB, rapid pulse, chills, may cough up sputum, and wheezing
A highly contagious disease caused by bacteria carried on droplets in the air
Tuberculosis (TB)
A hereditary disease causing progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass
Muscular dystrophy
Blood supply to area of brain is interrupted for a short time
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
When a blood vessel ruptures or blood clot obstructs blood flow to the brain
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke
A progressive disease that affects the way the impulses are transmitted to and from the brain
Multiple sclerosis
Infection of the middle ear
Otitis media
Inner ear infection
Meniere’s disease
A blind spot in the center of vision
Macular degeneration
Type of mood disorder that causes pain, fatigue, apathy, sadness, irritability, anxiety, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
A type of mood disorder that causes mood swings, changes in energy levels, and ability to function.
Bipolar disorder
False or distorted sensory perceptions
Hallucinations
Persistent false beliefs
Delusions
The inability to think clearly, could have trouble focusing and feels disoriented
Confusion
The loss of cognitive function caused by changes in the brain and interfere with a person’s mental abilities and social activites
Dementia
A brain disease that causes gradual loss of short term memory
Alzheimer’s Disease
Bladder infection
Cystitis
Kidney infection
Pyelonephritis
Care given to people who have serious disease or who are dying that emphasizes relieving pain, controlling symptoms, and preventing side effects
Palliative care
Legal documents that allow people to choose what medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves
Advance directives
What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood glucose)?
Shaky, fast heartbeat, sweating, dizzy, anxious, hungry, blurry vision, weakness or fatigue, headache, and irritable.
What are the symptoms of hyperglycemia (high blood glucose)?
Extreme thirst, need to urinate often, dry skin, hungry, blurry vision, drowsy, and slow-healing wounds.
