Unit 2 Flashcards
Being free of disease-producing microbes/microorganisms.
Asepsis
A process or practice of reducing the number and transfer of pathogens from one place to another. Also referred as clean technique. Prevents the spread of pathogens from one person to another. Example: washing hands.
Medical asepsis
A condition or disease that happens when germs enter the body and grow.
Infection
The practice used to help reduce the number and transfer of pathogens from one place to another.
Infection control.
Using specific infection control practices to prevent contact with body fluids of the person served. All human blood and certain body fluids are treated as if known to be infectious.
Standard precautions.
To remove or kill most of pathogens from the object to clean the object.
Disinfection.
An object is considered to have some germs on the surface but usually are not pathogens that could cause an infection.
Clean.
An object is considered to have a number of germs and some may have the potential to be pathogens that could cause an infection.
Dirty
All microorganisms or microbes and pathogens are destroyed.
Sterile.
The spread of infection within the healthcare system
HAI (Healthcare Acquired Infection)
The set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease.
Infection prevention.
A federal government agency that issues guidelines to protect the health of individuals and communities
CDC (The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
A federal government agency that is responsible for making rules to protect workers from hazards on the job. They require guidelines to protect all staff, including housekeeping.
OSHA (Occupation Safety and Health Administration)
A machine that kills microorganisms
Autoclave
Infected by transferring microorganisms from one resident to another.
Cross infection.
Hard, leak-proof containers and usually red in color, where used sharps are placed into.
Biohazard containers.
Microorganism found in human blood that can cause infection and disease in humans.
Blood borne pathogen
Microorganisms that normally live in and on the body without causing harm to a healthy person.
Normal flora.
What are the three types of transmission?
Airborne, droplet, and contact.
What precautions should be taken against airborne transmission?
N-95 masks and HEPA masks.
What precautions should be taken against droplet transmission?
Wearing a mask during care, limited visitors, resident should wear a mask if leaving room.
What precautions should be taken against contact transmission?
Gloves and gown, resident isolation, hand washing, etc.
A way of describing how disease is transmitted from one human to another.
Chain of infection.
What are the steps of a chain of infection?
- Causative agent
- Reservoir
- Portal of exit
- Mode of transmission
- Portal of entry
- Susceptible host
Equipment that helps protect employees from serious injuries or illnesses resulting from contact with workplace hazards.
PPE (Personal protective equipment)
An inflammation of the liver caused by viruses, alcohol abuse, some medications, and trauma.
Hepatitis.
How is Hepatitis A spread?
Person-to-person by the fecal-oral route or consumption of contaminated food or water.
How is Hepatitis B spread?
Mother to child or contact with blood or other body fluids and improperly sterilized needles.
How is Hepatitis C spread?
Contaminated blood.
Antibiotic resistant infection often acquired in a healthcare facility
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
Antibiotic resistant infection
Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE)
A spore forming bacterium that is part of the normal intestinal flora, but when altered, can grow and cause infection.
Clostridium difficile (C. diff)
Highly contagious disease caused by bacteria carried on droplets suspended in the air
Tuberculosis (TB)
What are the signs and symptoms of TB?
Night sweats, fever and chills, prolonged coughing, coughing up blood, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, fatigue, loss of appetite, and weight loss.
What is the most common accident for a resident?
A fall
What does PASS stand for?
P: Pull the pin
A: Aim at the base of the fire
S: Squeeze the handle
S: Sweep back and forth at the base of the fire
What does RACE stand for?
R: Remove resident to safety
A: Alarm, pull or call for help
C: Contain the fire, close doors
E: Extinguish and evacuate
A weakness of muscles in the feet and ankles that causes problems with the ability to flex the ankles and walk normally.
Foot drop.
A permanent and often painful shortening of a muscle or tendon, usually due to lack of activity.
Contractures
Rubbing or friction that results from the skin moving one way and the bone underneath it remaining fixed or moving in the opposite direction.
Shearing
Rubbing of one surface against another
Friction
