unit 5d Flashcards
what is chemistry testing?
measure substances found in the human body for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, and monitoring of disease and metabolic conditions
what can be tested in chemistry testing?
blood
- plasma
- serum
body fluids
- urine
- pleural fluid
- peritoneal fluid
- cerebral spinal fluid
- amniotic fluid
- synovial fluid
what can be tested FOR in chemistry testing?
enzymes
electrolytes
trace metals
drug metabolites
Blood Specimens -Plasma
List 3 details
blood collected with anticoagulant
spun down to separate cellular components
CONTAINS CLOTTING FACTORS
What tube color is associated with plasma?
green
what are two anticoagulants used for plasma ?
sodium heparin
lithium heparin
Blood specimens - serum
list 3 details
Blood collected with NO anticoagulant or with clot activator
spun down to separate cellular components
DOES NOT CONTAIN CLOTTING FACTORS
What tube colors are associated with serum?
Red
Yellow
Tiger
what are the anticoagulants in serum tubes?
none there is a clot activator
what are the four chemistry testing principles (methodology)?
colorimetric
Kinetic reaction
spectrophotometry
electrochemical
what is colorimetric?
• End-point reaction
• Color develops to the greatest extend
of the reaction, then ceases
what is kinetic reaction?
Measures speed and degree of
change in a set time
what is spectrophotometry?
Reaction is measured by amount of
light transmitted or absorbed
what is electrochemical?
• Chemical reactions that measure
amount of electrons transferred
Name 3 examples of tests indicating health of organs.
heart
-troponin (trop 1)
Liver
- alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
- Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
Kidney
- Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
- Creatinine (CREA)
Name 2 tests that measure drugs and other toxic substances.
Therapeutic Drugs
- Dilantin (phenytoin)
- valproic acid
- vancomycin
Drugs of Abuse
- cocaine
- marijuana
- amphetamine
what are two factors that can affect patient tests results?
time of collection
-early morning vs evening
Eating
- glucose
- Low density lipoproteins
- high density lipoproteins
- triglycerides
Name 4 types of testing interferences?
lipemic
hemolysis
icteric
diluted/contaminate samples
what is lipemic?
elevated lipids
non-fasting
genetic
what is hemolysis?
RBCs are lysed during collection
potassium and cardiac enzymes are affected
