Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Intro clinical lab > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Earliest Evidence of urine testing for glucose

A

~2500 B.C.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Invented the compound microscope

A

1660s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Discovery of the cell was accredited to Robert Hook

A

1665

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cell theory was proposed by Theodore Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden

A

1839

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Germ theory begin to replace Miasma theory with the help of Jon Snow

A

1854

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Robert Koch isolated vibrio cholerae and founded modern bacteriology

A

1884

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Systematic health checks performed on Ellis Island

A

1890s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

First clinical lab open at John Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore

A

1896

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

American society for clinical pathology (ASCP) formed

A

1922

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ASCP board of registry form to certify clinical laboratory professionals

A

1928

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

American Society for clinical laboratory science is formed (ASCLS)

A

1933

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

First autoanalyzer introduced

A

1957

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Medicare and Medicaid established

A

1960s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

National credentialing Agency for Laboratory Personnel (NCA) formed by ASCLS

A

1976

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA)

A

1988

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

NCA assumes by ASCP

A

2009

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Clinical Laboratory Science

A

Provides info of analytical test on human body substances to detect evidence of or prevent disease or impairment and promote in monitor good health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Scope of practice

[Define by the American Society for clinical laboratory science ]

A

Assuring reliable test result which contributes to the prevention, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of physiological and pathological conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Accreditation

A

The voluntary process in which a non-governmental agency grants recognition to institutions or programs that meet or exceed establish standards of quality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Registration

A

[A general term referring to the voluntary process that all person who engage in a given occupation register with the designated government agency]

process of a person in an occupation registers with a government agency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Certificate

A

A process by which an individual or institution is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain predetermined standards. Usually non-government and voluntary. examples: ASCP exam for medical technology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Licensure

A

The granting of permission by an authority (usually a state) to an individual or organization in some practice or activity. Examples: state leisure for physicians, nurses

Note: Texas does NOT require licensure for clinical laboratory professions!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Continuing Education

A

Professionalism includes continuing your education after graduation/certification. ASCP requires continuing education in order to maintain certification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does it mean to be professional in a laboratory setting?

A

To be courteous conscientious and businesslike appearance and behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Why is professionalism important?
Promotes confidence, encourages positive/uplifting environment, creates trust and safety among patients and coworkers
26
Explain the impact of federal & state regulatory agencies on the clinical laboratory
implements safety for public health
27
Where are clinical labs located?
Hospitals, clinics, doctors offices, Department of Health, reference laboratories
28
The organization of clinical laboratory is specimen collection processing broken down into what departments? (6)
Chemistry/serology, hematology, blood bank, microbiology, urinalysis, and coagulation.
29
What are the three types of specimen collection and their corresponding processing technique?
1. Blood collection - Phlebotomy 2. Urine Collection- Midstream clean catch and catheter 3. microbiology- Wound swab, nasal/throat swab, tissue collection
30
Clinical chemistry
Best liquid portion of blood. Measurements of electrolytes, hormones, enzymes. Uses chemistry analyzer.
31
Immunology
also known as serology test for immune reactions of antibodies and antigens.
32
Clinical hematology
Test cellular components of blood: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
33
Immunohematology
Also known as blood banks. Transfusion medicine
34
Microbiology
Detection of pathogenic organisms through bacteriology, virology, microbiology, and parasitology
35
Urinalysis
Analysis of urine
36
Coagulation
Study of the body’s ability to form a clot
37
Who can order lab test?
Only a medical doctor can order laboratory test for clinical testing
38
Testing category: routine
Routine, ASAP, stash, Priya, NPO, PP, PC
39
Education requirement for phlebotomist
High school graduate or equivalent, certification preferred from national exam or a SCP, community college program
40
Education requirement for medical laboratory technician
Associates degree, one-year certificate, certification required ASAP, community college program
41
Routine
Routine lab work CBC Complete blood count
42
ASAP
As soon as possible
43
Stat
Latin : statin With haste Now
44
Phlebotomists roles and responsibilities
The practice of obtaining blood for testing purposes. Roles in hospitals, clinics and research facilities.
45
Medical Lab technician roles and responsibilities
Technicians perform wide range of to routine lab procedures associated with blood and body-fluid analysis. In hospitals, minor emergency centers, doctors offices, clinics, and blood donor centers.
46
This personnel examines and analyze body fluids, tissues, and cells. Look for bacteria, parasites, and other microorganisms; analyze chemical content of fluids ; match blood transfusion; and test drug levels in blood to show treatment response. Prepare specimen for examination, count cells, and look for abnormal cells. Use automated equipment and instruments capable of performing a number of tests simultaneously; uses microscopes & cell counters
MLT
47
Medical Laboratory Scientist (MLS) education requirements
Bachelor degree Training at a nationally accredited program 3 + 1 program - Three years of traditional classroom courses in university - one year clinical 2 + 2 program - two year coursework university - two years MLS program 4 + 1 program - four year degree from university - one year post - graduate training at MLS/MLT program
48
Laboratory Specialist education requirements.
``` Seven years experience Certification -specialist in blood bank -specialist in hematology -specialist in microbiology -anatomical pathology -clinical pathology ```
49
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act
1988 Regulates the types of testing performed in a clinical laboratory Divides testing into three main categories - wavied - moderate complex - highly complex
50
Waived testing
cleared by the FDA for home use procedure simple enough to negate error specimen must not be manipulated by processing (centrifuged or diluted) Operators receive on-the-job training No Certification or education requirements
51
bedside glucose meters fecal occult blood card urine pregnancy test urine dipstick (macroscopic)
Wavied tests
52
Moderately complex testing
patient specimen require minimal or no manipulation (centrifugation) testing includes manual procedures with minimals steps operators must have a minimum of highschool diploma and 50 weeks of military training
53
Microscopic exam - wet mounts - KOH preparations - Pinworm exam - Fern test - Urinaylsis - Fecal leukocyte - Semen analysis - Nasal smears for eos
Moderately complex test
54
Highly Complex Test
specialized knowledge needed specialized training needed manual interpretation of results material require special handling troubleshooting requires special knowledge operators have minimum of associates degree in medical laboratory technology
55
Department of health and human services
Oversees all governmental agencies that regulate clinical laboratories Safeguard health of public Provide health services essential to maintaining health
56
Center for disease control and prevention
Monitor disease outbreaks, implant a disease prevention strategies, and maintains national health statistics Provides immunization services, workplace safety, and environmental disease prevention guidance • Monitors international disease transmission • Administers the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
57
Center for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS)
• Administers Medicare, a federal healthcare coverage plan for the elderly, those with severe kidney damage who require dialysis, and people with certain disabilities • Works with states to administer Medicaid, healthcare coverage for individuals living at or below poverty levels • Controls Medicare and Medicaid payment for medical procedures, including laboratory services • Regulates enforcement for CLIA • Enforces the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA, Title II)
58
Food and Drug Administration
• Monitors safety and effectiveness of food, drinks, cosmetics, drugs, and medical devices • Determines whether a laboratory test is classified as waived, moderately complex, or highly complex
59
hematology testing - WBC differentials - identification of cellular morphology blood bank testing - ABO blood typing - Antibody testing - Cross-matching Microbiology testing - staining procedures - organism biochemical reactions
high complexity tests
60
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), which falls under the oversight of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), regulates all testing performed on humans through the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA). Based on the guidelines established by CLIA, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) categorizes laboratory tests based on complexity or procedure. The FDA assigns complexity based on a score of 1, 2, or 3 on seven different criteria
Knowledge needed to perform the test Training and experience needed to perform test Reagent and material preparations Operational steps of testing procedure Calibration, quality control, and proficiency testing materials Test system troubleshooting and equipment maintenance Interpretation of results and judgemen
61
ASCP
American Society of clinical Pathologists . 1928 Certification agency
62
AMT
American Medical Technologist 1939 Certification agency
63
AAB
American association of Bioanalysts 1962 Certification agency
64
NAACLS
national accreditation agency for clinical laboratory sciences
65
JCAHO
joint commission on accreditation of healthcare organization accredits hospitals and other similar health organizations
66
CAP
College of American Pathologists | accredits labs
67
COLA
Commission on office laboratory accreditation Accredits physicans office labs
68
ASCLS
American society for clinical laboratory science
69
AABB
American association of blood banks
70
AACC
American Association of Clinical chemists
71
CLMA
clinical laboratory management association
72
CLSI
Clinical and Laboratory standards institute sets standards for clinical laboratory testing and identifies best practices
73
"right to know" confidentiality and privacy
health care professionals working with patient parents of a minor child keep patients covered when possible not calling out patients in
74
Health insurance Portability and Accountability act
(HIPAA) passed by congress in 1996 protect patient privacy with electronic databases later expanded to include ALL aspects of patient privacy
75
Laboratory Supervisor
specialist and upper level degree
76
Laboratory Manager
Lab managers bring together their managerial skills and knowledge of safety and lab procedures to ensure that laboratories operate smoothly. Managerial duties generally include scheduling staff, reordering supplies and maintaining security standards. bachelor degree
77
Laboratory Director
The laboratory Director is responsible for the overall operation and administration of the laboratory, including the employment of competent personnel, equipment, safety, laboratory policies, quality assurance, all testing (including proficiency testing) and test reports. Doctoral degree
78
Medical director
``` medical doctor (MD) pathologist ```

Intro clinical lab (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions