unit 5.1 Flashcards
what does the respiratory system allow for
- exchange of gases between amosphere and blood
- Homeostatic regulation of body pH
- protection from inhaled pathogens and irritatin substances
- vocalization
what are the 4 main processess of respiration
- gas exchange between atmosphere and lungs (venntilation)
- Gas exchange between lungs and blood = c02 and o2
- Transport of gasses by blood, co2 and o2
- Exchange of gasses between blood and tissue
What is the proccess for air moving ingto lings and out of lungs
inspriation (in)
Expiration (out)
what are teh sturucters of the respiratory sytem involved in
ventilation and gas exchange
what are teh structres of the respirotory system and what are they associated with
A. conducing system - airways
B. exchange surface - alveoli
C. pumping system - bones and muscles of thorax
what is the cunducting system and its two parts
passages of airwyas - lead from environment to the exchange surface of the lungs
two parts: upper respirotory tract and lower resiprotory tract
what are in the upper and lower respirotory tract
upper : mouth, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx
Lower: trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs
what is the exchange system
sites for gas exchange - the alveoli
what is alveli and what it do, what it wraped by and what are the two types and what they do
they are tiny hollow sacs found at the ends of the terminal bronchiole
wrapped with an extensive cappilary network whcih covers 80-90% of the alveolar surface
gas exchange occurs by diffusion between alveoli and capillary
two types: type 1 alveolar cells - large but thin, rapid gas diffusion
type 2 alveolar cells - smaller but thicker, synthesize and secrete surfactant (surface active agent.
what allows exchange with the alvieoli
blood vessels of the pulmonary circulation allow for exchange with alveoli
where does low oxygen blood blood exit
the right ventricle of the heart
where does low oxygenated blood go from right ventricle of the heart
to the two pulmonary arteries, one to each lung
how is the rate of blood flow in the pulmonary circuit
high b/c all the output ventricles goes to the lungs vs whole body for the blood leaving the left ventricle
how is the blood pressure in the pulmonary circuit and why
low compared t the systemic circuit, since right ventricle does not pump as forcefully as the left ventricle
pumping system: what allows for vetilation (inspiration and expiration)
bones and muscle
