unit 5 test Flashcards
which Asian nation was practicing imperialism prior to WWII?
China (first opium war)
what was the peace treaty of WWI which was unfair to Germany?
the treaty of versailles
what economic condition following WWI took place in Germany?
hyperinflation of the German currency (reichsmark)
what document was signed following the acquisition of the Sudetenland?
munich agreement
what is the authoritarian government which insists that the nation is more important than the individual?
autocracy
why did Stalin not worry about Germany’s invasion of Poland?
he did not believe that Hitler would attack so soon (military was not prepared)
what was the spark for WWII?
the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand
what strategy did the Germans use to invade France?
blitzkrieg
what was the policy of the US prior to full engagement in the war?
the neutrality act: prohibited exporting arms and ammunition to any foreign nation at war
what was the spark which brought the US into an active role in WWII?
the Japanese attack on pearl harbor
what was Hitler’s final solution?
mass murder of Europe’s Jews
what was the potsdam conference?
meeting between Stalin, Churchill, and Truman to discuss post-WWII; compromise: each side would take reparations from its own occupation zone, divided up GER, created council of foreign ministers
what is island hopping?
military strategy: cut off Japanese bases from resupply or rescue
what peace keeping organization was created after WWII?
the UN (united nations)
redraw borders, truman doctrine, marshall plan, and detente are examples of what?
peace treaties
USSR expansion, peaceful coexistance, glasnost, end USA isolationism, and perestroika are examples of what?
imperialism/nationalism
SALT I, atomic bomb, sputnik, and strategic defense initiative are examples of what?
militarism
NATO and warsaw pact are examples of what?
alliances
korean, vietnam, berlin wall, cuban missle, berlin airlift, iranian revolution, coup in czechoslovakia, and soviet invasion of AFGH conflicts are examples of what?
places of conflict
berlin wall comes down and soviet union dissolves are examples of what?
the spark
identify: soviet forces lift the blockade of west berlin as a result, soviet union blocked the western allies’ railway, road, and canal access to the sectors of belin under western control, meant to counter the blockade
berlin airlift
identify: armistice was signed as a result, following clashes along the border/rebellions
Korean war
identify: US ended its quarentine as a result, direct and dangerous confrontation between the US and USSR, moment when the two superpowers came closest to nuclear conflict
cuban missile crisis
identify: communist forces seized control of south __ as a result, between, unify __ under a communist government, US tries to stop the spread of communism
vietnam conflict
identify: __ and neighboring states agree to formal armistice lines as a result, egyptian forces are defeated in 6 days, country double in size, purpose was to defend itself against palestinian arabs and neighboring arab states
israeli conflict
identify: geneva accords signed as a result, meant to uphold a friendship treaty
soviets invade AFGH
who becomes the new voice of the west bank in israel?
palestinian authority
what is avoided as a result of the cold war?
nuclear war
explain allied occupation of germany (berlin wall) (3 key points)
1.people did not want to live in russian sector
2.communists v capitalists
3.soviets build a wall against west berlin to keep people from leaving the russian sector
explain allied occupation of germany (3 key points)
-berlin blockade and berlin airlift
-germany dived into 4 sectors , america in control of western sector
-berlin divided into 4 zones and soviets do not allow alies into their section
identify: franklin roosevelt free elections in eastern europe, soviet involvement in japan, joseph stalin, influence and buffer zone of eastern europe, exchange of territory for involvement in japan
yalta conference
identify: truman, free elections in eastern europe, soviet occupied eastern europe
potsdam conference
explain spred of communism
mao zedong led communist revolution in china (1949)
explain turmoil in japan
US and GB incade Iran in opposition to Nazi (nationalist) support
iranian revolution of 1979
explain cold war alliances (NATO, warsaw pact, SEATO, CENTO)
north atlantic treaty organization (NATO): spread of communism
warsaw pact: defend communist bloc. by combining armed forces and political agendas
southeast asia treaty organization (SEATO): anti-communist
central treaty organization (CENTO): anti-communist
identify: ronald reagan announces his intention to embark upon groundbreaking research into a national defense system that could make nuclear weapons obsolete
star wars (strategic defense initiative)
identify: french control the region and push for elections, democracy, and unification, guerillas go into south vietnam to battle the government
vietnam crisis
identify: north vietnamese turn many americans against the war, vietnamization (richard nixon tries to get the US out of the war)
tet offensive
identify: CIA launches mission with cuban empire’s help to put batista back in power
bay of pigs invasion
identify: occurs when two or more countries increase the size and quality of military resources to gain military and political superiority over one another
nuclear arms race
identify: competition between two rivals: US and USSR, to achieve superior spaceflight capability
space race (sputnik/apollo)
identify: a series of biateral conferences and international treaties signed between the US and the USSR, goal was to reduce the number of long-range ballistic missiles that each side could possess and manufacture
SALT I
___ taken to mean increased openness and transparency in government institutions and activites in the USSR
glasnost
___ was a program instituted in the soviet union by mikhail gorbachev to restructure soviet economic and political policy
perestroika
___ established a framework for a historic peace treaty concluded between israel and egypt, helped calm cold war tensions and stabilized US-soviet relations
camp david accords
identify: INF
intermediate-range nuclear forces treaty (limit number of nuclear weapons)
list the big three of the yalta conference
US (franklin roosevelt), GB (winston churchill), USSR (joseph stalin)
list the big three of the potsdam conference
US (harry s. truman), GB (clement attlee), USSR (joseph stalin)
who wanted independence away from british control (india/pakistan)
mohandas gandhi
