Unit 5 States Of Consciousness

Question 1

What is the biological clock; regularly bodily rhythms (Ex. Of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24hr cycle?

Answer 1

Circadian Rhythm

Question 2

What is REM sleep?

Answer 2

Rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur

Question 3

Alpha Waves

Answer 3

The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state

Question 4

Hallucinations

Answer 4

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

Question 5

Delta Waves

Answer 5

The slowest recorded brain waves in humans that are associated with the deepest levels of relaxation and restoration

Question 6

Insomnia

Answer 6

A recurring problem in falling or staying asleep

Question 7

Narcolepsy

Answer 7

Characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer May laps directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

Question 8

Sleep apnea

Answer 8

Characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings.

Question 9

Night terrors

Answer 9

Characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified.

Question 10

What is the difference between nightmares and night terrors?

Answer 10

Unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during stage 4 sleep, within 2 or 3 hours of falling asleep.

Question 11

Dreams

Answer 11

Hallucination of the sleeping mind

Question 12

Manifest Content

Answer 12

According to Freud, the remembered storyline of a dream.

Question 13

Latent content

Answer 13

The hidden meaning in dreams

Question 14

Hypnosis

Answer 14

A social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, or behaviors will spontaneously occur.

Question 15

Posthypnotic suggestion

Answer 15

A suggestion made during a hypnosis session to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized. It has helped alleviate headaches, asthma, and stress related skin disorders. Hypnosis, especially seems to help obesity, but not so much drug or alcohol abuse. 

Question 16

Disassociation

Answer 16

It is a split between different levels of consciousness. Relating to the divided consciousness, it is found that in Hipnosis, as in life much of our behavior occurs on auto pilot. We have two track minds.

Question 17

Tolerance

Answer 17

The diminishing of fact, with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger and ptosis before experiencing the drugs affect.

Question 18

Dependence

Answer 18

A physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued.

Question 19

Addiction

Answer 19

Compulsive drug craving and use

Question 20

Depressants

Answer 20

Drugs such as alcohol, tranquilizers, and opiates that calm neural activity and slow body functions. They can cause slow reactions, slurred speech, and memory problems.

Question 21

Stimulants

Answer 21

Substances such as Caffeine, amphetamines, mdma/ecstasy, and nicotine that all raise levels of nervous activity in the body.

Question 22

Hallucinogens

Answer 22

Substances such as LSD and THC that both distort visual and auditory perception

Question 23

Near death experiences

Answer 23

After a close brush with death, many people report an experience of moving through a dark tunnel with a light at the end. Under the influence of hallucinogens, others report, bright lights at the center of their field of vision. 

Question 24

Freuds wish-fulfillment

Answer 24

Dreams provide a psychic safety valve – expressing otherwise unacceptable feelings; contain manifest (remembered) content, and a deeper layer of latent content – a Hidden meeting.

Question 25

Information-processing

Answer 25

Dreams help us sort out the days event and consolidate our memories. 

Question 26

Physiological function

Answer 26

Regular brain stimulation from REM. Sleep may help with all of temperature of neural pathways.

Question 27

Activation-synthesis

Answer 27

REM sleep, triggers neural activity that evokes, random visual memories, which are sleeping brain waves into stories. 

Question 28

Cognitive development

Answer 28

Dream content reflects dreamers’ cognitive development – their knowledge and understanding.

Question 29

Sleep Spindles

Answer 29

Bursts of coherent brain activity visible on the EEG, which are most evident during stage 2 sleep.