Unit 5: Secondary needs Flashcards

1
Q

What is a need?

A

Any condition inherent to the person
-> essential for life, development and well-being

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2
Q

What happens when needs are cared for and met and what happens when they are neglected?

A

met: well-being maintained and enhanced
neglected: disrupts physical and psychological well-being

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3
Q

What do people often seek in their lifes?

A

enjoyment, fulfillment and growth

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4
Q

What do psychological needs urge us to do and what is their ultimate goal?

A

urge us to explore, learn and seek challenges
-> emotional growth and satisfaction

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5
Q

Why are psychological needs considered organic?

A

organism: living and active subject in interaction with the environment
-> dialectic interaction between person and environment

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6
Q

What’s the main difference between physiological and psychological needs?

A

physiological: based on biological deficiencies
psychological: based on growth needs

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7
Q

What is self-determination?

A

autonomy
-> behaviour autonomous when interests, preferences and desires guide decision-making process

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8
Q

Which are the experiential qualitites that define autonomy?

A

Perceived locus of causality: chat’s the causal source of motivated actions (internal vs external)
Volition: free willingness to engage
Perceived choice: sense of choice > obligation

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9
Q

Does simply offering a choice guarantee autonomy?

A

no, if choices dont reflect values

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10
Q

What is autonomy support?

A

a interpersonal tone of understanding

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11
Q

What is autonomy controlling?

A

an interpersonal tone of pressure

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12
Q

What is competence?

A

need to interact effectively with the environment
-> reflects desire to exercise and master skills
-> generates motivation to develop skills

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13
Q

What are key environmental events involving the need for competence?

A

optimal challenge
high structure
high tolerance for failure

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14
Q

What’s flow?

A

psychological state characterised by maximum enjoyment and intense concentration
-> arises when challenge and ability are high

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15
Q

What’s necessary to satisfy the need for competence?

A

positive feedback
perception of progress

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16
Q

What’s relatedness?

A

need to establish close emotional ties with others
mere interaction with others enough to activate need for relatedness

17
Q

How do you satisfy the need for relatedness?

A

confirm that social ties involve interest and affection

18
Q

Why is relatedness with others important?

A

supports internalisation:
-> process by which a person adopts the beliefs, values and behaviours of others

19
Q

How are social needs different from physiological and psychological needs?

A

they are learnt
-> emerge and change over time
-> once acquired: experienced as emotional and behavioural potentials activated in response to situations

20
Q

What does the need for acheivement cause us to do?

A

seek success in competition with a standard of excellence
-> situation that ends in success or failure

21
Q

What can achievement situations involve?

A

competing with oneself, others or a specific task

22
Q

What is the difference between people with a high/ low need for achievement when facing a challenge?

A

high: respond with approach-oriented emotions (pride)
low: respond with avoidance-oriented emotions (anxiety)

23
Q

What is affiliation and what is it connected with?

A

the desire to establish, maintain or restore positive affective relationships with others
Need for approval & need for intimacy

24
Q

What do people with a high need for affiliation often experience?

A

anxiety in relationships
-> need constant approval and emotional security
-> feeling dependent

25
Q

What do people with a high need for power do?

A

seek to establish, maintain and expand control and influence on others
-> experience strong positive emotions when they can exert influence

26
Q

Does a high need for power contribute to the success of the group?

A

not necessarily
-> less good decisions due to lack of consideration of alternatives & information sharing

27
Q

What are quasi-needs?

A

transitory
-> disappear once situational demand is satisfied