Unit 5 - Meiosis, Genetics, & Pedigrees Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Meiosis

A

daughter cells with 1/2 numbers of chromosomes from parent cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Meiosis phases

A

P I: homologous chromosomes
M I: crossing over
A I: full chromosome pairs separated
T I and cytokinesis: ends with haploid cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Recombinant chromosomes

A

non sister chromatids but the same trait is switched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Dihybrid cross

A

F1 hetero - 9:3:3:1

shows independent assortment: the factors controlling the traits are inherited independent of one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Autosomal Dominant

A

parent is most likely affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Autosomal Recessive

A

parent is most likely unaffected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

X-linked traits

A

Males are more affected than females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Multiple Alleles

A

More than one allele for a trait (blood type)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Codominance

A

More than one allele is dominant; two alleles are dominant to one other

spots on a cow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Incomplete Dominance

A

mix of the traits

a red and white flower have a pink offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Non-nuclear inheritance

A

Mitochondrial DNA
- Inherited from mother’s egg
- Passed on by mother to each child
- Males and females can be equally affected by characteristics passed on this way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Genetically Linked

A

genes located near each other on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together

Linked: Recombinant < 50%; less likely for crossing over
Unlinked: 50% parental phenotype, 50% recombinant; more likely for crossing over

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Epistasis

A

phenotypic expression of a gene at one place on chromosome (locus) will effect a gene at another locus

1 gene codes for pigment and another will determine if the pigment shows up or not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Polygenetic Inheritance

A

effect of 2 or more genes acting on one phenotype

height, human skin color – a spectrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Disjunction

A

chromosomes fail to separate properly in meiosis anaphase I/II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly