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Connexus 8: Language Arts > Unit 5: Crossing Border — Grammar > Flashcards

Unit 5: Crossing Border — Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: Phrases can be used to add details in writing

A

True

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2
Q

What is a phrase?

A

A phrase is a group of words that function as a single part of speech

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3
Q

What is the difference between phrases and sentences, concerning subjects and verbs?

A

Phrases do not have subjects and verbs like sentences do

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4
Q

What do preposition phrases start and end with?

A

Prepositional phrases begin with a preposition and end with a noun or pronoun known as the object of the preposition

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5
Q

What can prepositional phrase be used as?

A

Adjective and Adverb phrases

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6
Q

What is an adjective phrase?

A

An adjective phrase is a prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun

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7
Q

What questions does an adjective phrase answer?

A

An adjective and an adjective phrase answer “Which one?” and “What kind?”

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8
Q

What is an adverb phrase and what questions does it answer?

A

An adverb phrase is a prepositional phrase that modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb, and answers the questions “Where?”, “When?”, “How?”, “To what extent?”, “To what degree?”, and “Why?”

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9
Q

What is an appositive?

A

An appositive is a noun or pronoun that renames or explains another noun or pronoun in a sentence

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10
Q

What is an appositive phrase?

A

An appositive phrase is an appositive with modifiers working together to rename or explain another noun or pronoun

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11
Q

What is the root word of “appositive”?

A

The root word of “appositive” is “appose”, meaning to place near or next to

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12
Q

Where are appositives and appositive phrases in sentences? What other trait can they hold?

A

Appositives and appositive phrases usually follow the noun or pronoun they describe, and can be essential or non-essential

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13
Q

What are non-essential appositives and appositive phrases separated by?

A

Commas

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14
Q

What are the three verbal phrases?

A

Participles, gerunds, and infinitives

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15
Q

What is a participle?

A

A participle is a verb form used as an adjective in a sentence

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16
Q

What is a participial phrase?

A

A participial phrase is a participle with its modifiers and compliments working together to function as an adjective

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17
Q

What questions does a participle answer?

A

“Which ones?” And “What kind?”

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18
Q

What does a participial phrase start with?

A

A participle

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19
Q

What is a gerund?

A

A gerund is the “-ing” form of a verb that is used as a noun

20
Q

What is a gerund phrase?

A

A gerund phrase is a gerund with its modifiers and compliments working together to function as a noun

21
Q

What is an infinitive?

A

An infinitive is a verb form that’s usually begins with the word “to”, and is used as a noun, adjective, or adverb

22
Q

What is an infinitive phrase?

A

An infinitive phrase is an infinitive with its modifiers and compliments working together to function as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb

23
Q

What is a dangling modifier?

A

A dangling modifier is a modifier that does not modify anything

24
Q

What type of clauses are adjective, adverb, and noun clauses?

A

Dependent (Subordinate) Clauses

25
Q

What is a clause?

A

A clause is a group of words containing a subject and predicate

26
Q

True or False: Without an independent clause, a dependent clause does not make sense

A

True

27
Q

What are adjective clauses?

A

Adjective clauses are dependent clauses that behave like adjectives in a sentence. These clauses always begin with a relative pronoun (which, whose, who, whom, that) and modify nouns

28
Q

What are adverb clauses?

A

Adverb clauses are dependent clauses that behave like adverbs in a sentence. These clauses always begin with subordinating conjunctions and modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs

29
Q

What are noun clauses?

A

Noun clauses are dependent clauses that are used as nouns. There are two types: 1) dependent clauses beginning with “that”, “if”, and “whether” 2) dependent clauses beginning with “wh-“ words (like “what” and “who”), “how”, and “however”

30
Q

What is a verbal?

A

A verbal is a word that expresses action but cannot be used as the main verb in a sentence. Instead, the word is used as a noun, adjective, or adverb

31
Q

What benefits does a verbal provide, depending on its location?

A

Verbals add variety when placed at the beginning of a sentence, and add conciseness when they are used to combine two simple sentences

32
Q

What is another name for independent clauses?

A

Main clauses

33
Q

What are the prefixes “un-“, “dis-“, and “ir-“ frequently used for?

A

To form a word’s antonym or indicate an opposite meaning

34
Q

What are adjectival clauses sometimes called?

A

Adjectival clauses are sometimes called relative clauses since they usually begin with a relative pronoun

35
Q

What can a relative pronoun serve as within an adjectival clause?

A

A relative pronoun can serve as a subject, direct object, or an object of a preposition within an adjectival clause. It can also show procession

36
Q

What does a restrictive adjectival clause answer?

A

“Which one?”

37
Q

What does a non-restrictive adjectival clause answer?

A

“What kind?”

38
Q

What can a noun clause be used as?

A

A noun clause can be used as a subject, direct object, indirect object, an object of a preposition, and as a predicate nominative

39
Q

What is the relationship between adverb clauses and independent clauses?

A

Abverb clauses are attached to an independent clause and provide more information about the action described in the independent clause

40
Q

What does a simple sentence consist of?

A

A simple sentence has one independent clause

41
Q

What does a compound sentence consist of?

A

A compound sentence combines one or more independent clauses using a conjunction or semicolon

42
Q

What does a complex sentence consist of?

A

A complex sentence combines an independent clause with one or more subordinate clauses

43
Q

What does a compound-complex sentence consist of?

A

A compound-complex sentence includes two or more independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause

44
Q

What are the suffixes “-ence” and “-action” frequently added to words for?

A

To form a noun

45
Q

Dialect Definition

A

Spoken language that is unique to a geographical region and/or social group

46
Q

Why do authors use dialect?

A
  • To sharpen characterization
  • To help readers distinguish amount characters
  • To establish setting
  • To make a story more interesting

Connexus 8: Language Arts (9 decks)

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