Unit 5 - CA Genetics

Question 1

Angiogenesis

Answer 1

the creation of new blood vessels to feed a tumor

Question 2

Anti-CA foods are really anti-______.

Answer 2

anti-angiogenic

Question 3

Benign Growths are only harmful depending on _____ & ______.

Answer 3

Size & Location

Question 4

_____ tumors are localized.

Answer 4

Benign

Question 5

How many Americans die of CA/year?

Answer 5

1/2 million

Question 6

2nd Leading Cause of Death in US

Answer 6

CA

Question 7

Is benzene a carcinogen?

Answer 7

Yes.

Question 8

What is an example of a CA that runs in families?

Answer 8

retinoblastoma

Question 9

Two Types of Retinoblastoma

Answer 9

Sporadic & Heredity

Question 10

A mutation in RB1 gene will likely cause ________.

Answer 10

Retinoblastoma

Question 11

Mutations in a cell lineage accumulate w/ ______.

Answer 11

Time

Question 12

Clonal Evolution

Answer 12

Tumor cells aquire multiple mutations w/in a single lineage.
(Multiple mutations over time slowly differentiates the cells until it is cancerous.)

Question 13

List some Environmental Factors Affecting CA Risk:

Answer 13

tobacco
diet
obesity
alcohol
UV

Question 14

Odds Ratio Explanation

Answer 14

Compare Case Group vs Control Group & who had or didn’t have exposure to certain factors

Question 15

Odds Ratio =

Answer 15

odds that a case was exposed
_______________
odds that a control was exposed

Question 16

If the Odds Ratio = 1

Answer 16

The exposure is not related to the disease

Question 17

If the Odds Ratio is >1

Answer 17

The exposure is correlated w/ the disease

Question 18

If the Odds Ratio is <1

Answer 18

The exposure is negatively correlated w/ the disease

Question 19

CA seems to be more strongly assoicated w/ ________ vs where they came from.

Answer 19

Where one lives.

(more strongly associated w/ environement than genes)

Question 20

Proto-oncogenes

Answer 20

nml genes that become ongcogenes when mutated

Question 21

Oncogenes have _________ gain of function.

Answer 21

Dominant

Question 22

Tumor Supressor Genes

Answer 22

inhibit inappropriate cell proliferation

Question 23

Tumor Suppressor Gene Mutations are Dominant or Recessive?

Answer 23

Recessive

Question 24

RAS mutation

Answer 24

oncogene

Question 25

p53 mutation

Answer 25

tumor supressor

Question 26

Mutations can convert proto-oncogenes into _______.

Answer 26

oncogenes

Question 27

semaph3 is frequently found in what type of Cancer?

Answer 27

Breast CA

Question 28

Retroviruses

Answer 28

Contain RNA & reverse transcriptase which converts the viral RNA to DNA which can insert into the bacterial DNA

Question 29

Colorectal CA often begins w/ the loss of tumor supressor gene ____.

Answer 29

APC