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Social Studies (6th Grade) > Unit 5 (Ancient China) > Flashcards

Unit 5 (Ancient China) Flashcards

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1
Q

Chang Jiang River

A

The Yangtze River; the longest river in Asia

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2
Q

Huang He River

A

The Yellow River; China’s second-longest river; is called the Yellow River because of the tiny particles of loess, or silt, that make the water look yellow

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3
Q

Confucius

A

(551-479 BCE) Chinese teacher and philosopher who founded Confucianism, a belief system that teaches the concepts of charity, morality, and tradition

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4
Q

Laozi

A

(604 BCE-531 BCE) sometimes known as Lao Tzu; Chinese teacher and philosopher who founded Taoism, a belief system that teaches a peaceful and non-aggressive way of life

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5
Q

Qin Shi Huang Di

A

(259-210 BCE) the first Chinese emperor who unified China in 221 BCE; he is famous for his belief in “order above all else; a uniform code of laws was enforced by harsh punishment under his rule

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6
Q

Mandate of Heaven

A

An idea in ancient China that if a ruler was honest and good, he would have the approval of the gods and the right to rule. However, if the ruler was not good, he would lose the gods’ approval and the people of China could remove him from power

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7
Q

Great Wall of China

A

A linked series of defensive walls, watchtowers, and natural barriers that was built in China to defend against invaders; construction began in the Qin Dynasty and was finished in the Ming Dynasty

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8
Q

Silk Road

A

An ancient trade route that connected ancient China to civilizations to the west; enabled the exchange of valuable goods as well as cultural ideas such as religion

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9
Q

Meritocracy

A

A form of government in which people are chosen for their jobs based on their merits, or abilities, rather than their social status; Confucius is known for his belief in this type of government

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10
Q

Monopoly

A

When a single owner or group has control of producing or selling a good or service; the ancient Chinese had a monopoly over silk because they were the only civilization who knew how to produce it

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11
Q

The yellow river gets its yellow color from ________, a sediment in the river

A

Loess

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12
Q

What causes flooding of the Yellow river?

A

Sediment builds up in the river which creates dams. These natural dams causes major floods.

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13
Q

Because of the flooding along the Yellow, it has earned the nickname, “______ _______”.

A

China’s Sorrow

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14
Q

The Yangtze river is home to ________ ________ _________, the largest dam in the world. What are some of the Pro’s & Con’s of the dam?

A

1) Three Gorges Dam
2) Pro’s Con’s
- Control’s Flooding - Prevents animals from moving through the river
- Produces Hydroelectricity - Prevents sediments & nutrients from reaching down stream

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15
Q

Out of the top ten deadliest floods ever, how many have occured in China?

A

6 of the top ten on the Yellow & the Yangtze River

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16
Q

Looking at the population density oof the map of China, where does most of the population live?

A

Along the coast

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17
Q

The Yellow Sea is located between mainland _______ & the ________ _________.

A

China & the Korean Pininsula

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18
Q

How many of the worlds ships pass through the South China Sea?

A

1/3 of the worlds ships

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19
Q

Why do you think the Plateau of Tibet is reffered top the, “Roof of the World”?

A

This is because it is worlds largest & tallest plateau

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20
Q

Why is the Gobi Desert so dry?

A

The Himilayan Mountains block the rain clouds

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21
Q

Because of the Gobi Desert is located far north & has a high elevation, it can experiance extreme _____________ chages. In fact, the Gobi Desert can change as much as __○ degrees within 24 hours

A

Tempereatures & 95

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22
Q

Which 2 modern day countries are located on the Korean Peninsula?

A

North Korea & South Korea

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23
Q

China & The U.S are roughly the same size, buit China has almost 4 times as many people. What are some of the problems China has with such a high population?

A
  • Traffic Issues
  • Pollution
  • Energy Consumption
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24
Q

The Ancient Chinese had discovered gunpowder through a mixture of sulfer, saltpeter, & charcoal. What were the 2 main uses for gunpowder at the time?

A

Fireworks (Celebration), & Rockets (War)

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25
Q

What was the Equilateral Armilary used for?

A

The Equilateral Armilary was used for mapping out planets, moons, stars by using the North Star.

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26
Q

The people of the Song Dynasty created the world’s first mechanical ______ powered by water & rising 30 feet tall.

A

clock

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27
Q

What kind of plant was used to make paper in Ancient China?

A

Bamboo

28
Q

Around 1000 A.D, the Chinese discovered how to print. This was important because it allowed information to be easily ____________ & ____________.

A

Duplicated & Distributed

29
Q

Why did the Chinese invention of “movable type” not become popular in China?

A

The Chinese didn’t use movable type because there were thousands of different characters/letters.

30
Q

What was the major advantage of the discovery of “cast iron”?

A

The major advantage of cast iron was that you could duplicate items over and over again in a mold.

31
Q

The Chinese discovered steel was better to use for tools & machinery than cast iron. Why?

A

Steel was less britle, more resistent, & much stronger

32
Q

Why was the crossbow an advantage over the traditional bow and arrow?

A

The bow & arrow was limited by the person’s strength. With the crossbow, you could store energy by locking the arrow in place, & use when needed.

33
Q

Why were the sails on Chinese ships better than other ships of its time?

A

The Chinese were able to move the sails around to catch the most amount of wind; flexible sails.

34
Q

What was the seismoscope invented to detect?

A

Seismoscopes were invented to detect the direction of an Earthquake

35
Q

Which religion was carried to China form India?

A

Buddhism

36
Q

The Chinese were skilled in which craft in the Shang Dynasty?

A

Casting Bronze

37
Q

What did Confucius believe about Yin and Yang?

A

Yin and Yang are balanced. They are also opposites, but they complemented each other.

38
Q

How are ancient Chinese burials similar to burials in Ancient Egypt?

A

Both of them took items the needed in their afterlife

39
Q

Why was the Great Wall of China built?

A

The Great Wall of China was built to protect China from their enemies such as the Mongols.

40
Q

What was the structure of the Great Wall (Materials, Watchtowers)?

A

The Great Wall of China extends 5000 miles long across northern China and Southern Mongolia. It was built by millions of men with sand, limestone, brick, & etc. The Chinese built watchtowers so that soldiers could see out, but invaders could not see in.

41
Q

In which dynasty was caligraphy invented? What was it?

A

Calligraphy was invented in the Shang Dynasty. It is a way of drawing characters or symbols to represent words of ideas.

42
Q

What advances technology was occured in the Shang Dynasty?

A
  • Advanced Bronzework was created
  • Kaolin - A clay for making pottery
  • Learned how to make silk cloth from silk worms
  • The ability to create large palaces and buildings
43
Q

How were Egyption & Chinese burial rituals the same?

A
  • Both had large and fancy tombs
  • Both included things that the person would need in their afterlife (Like Clothings, Jewlery, animals, people and chariots)
  • Both decorated their tombs with extravagant artwork
44
Q

How did the Shang dynasty end?

A

The Shang Dynasty ended when the Chou joined with other tribes in western China and overthrew the Shang

45
Q

What rivers did the Shang dynasty rely on?

A

They relied on the Yellow river, also known as the Haung He river

46
Q

About how long did the Shang Dynasty last?

A

About 700 years

47
Q

About how long did the Chou dynasty last?

A

About 750 years

48
Q

What kind of economic advances occured during the Chou dynasty?

A
  • Skilled Craftsmen and Merchants increased
  • Money in the form of small coins were used
  • Trade expanded & the dynasty became prosperous
49
Q

What did the Chinese poeple believe their king was?

A

The Chinese people believed that their king was the “Son of Heaven”

50
Q

According to the Chinese, what did they have the right to do to the king if he was ruling justly?

A

If the king was ruling unjustly, they had the right to overthrow him.

51
Q

In which Dynasty was Chinese writing developed?

A

In the Chou dynasty

52
Q

What did Confucius teach?

A

Confucius taught about self control, proper conduct, and respect for elders, teachers, and parents

53
Q

What is the basis of Taoism?

A
  • To learn the true meaning of life, one must live simply and in the harmony of nature
  • Be humble and kind even when others hurt you
  • If you follow these steps, you will reach your inner peace
54
Q

Where do Confucius and Lao Tzu stand in the issue of the amount of government?

A

Confucius stressed the importance of government, while Lao Tzu thought less government was better.

55
Q

How did the Chou Dynasty end?

A

The Chou dynasty ended with the Era of Warring States which lasted at the last 200 years of the dynasty. The Ch’in dynasty later took o

56
Q

Who was the Ch’in dynasty ruled by?

A

The Ch’in Dynasty was ruled by Shi Haung Ti

57
Q

How large was Shi Haung Ti’s empire?

A

It was from the Great Wall of China to the Hsi River.

58
Q

What new things did Shi Haung Ti establish in his rules?

A

Shi Haung Ti established:

  • Uniform rules and laws
  • Standard Currency
  • New roads were built
  • Created 36 provinces (or states)
  • Developed a strong central government
59
Q

Did people who praised the previous dynasty bother Shi Haung Ti?

A

Yes

60
Q

What kind of cruel things did Shi Haung Ti do to philosopers and books they wrote?

A

Shi Haung Ti threw many philosophers in jail and burned many books that they wrote

61
Q

How did the Ch’in Dynasty end?

A

The Ch’in dynasty ended when Shi Haung Ti died in 210 BCE

62
Q

Who got power after Shi Haung Ti died?

A

Liu Pang

63
Q

About how long did the Han dynasty last?

A

Anything close to 426 years

64
Q

Describe Civil Service

A
  • Citizens were paid to hold government jobs
  • The people took tests and those with the highest score were selected
    • The tests covered math, laws, and the teachings of Confucius
  • Students went to collage to train for the exam
  • Poor people were allowed to take the exam
    • Provided a system of equal opportunity
65
Q
A

Social Studies (6th Grade) (9 decks)

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