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Social Studies (6th Grade) > Unit 3 (Ancient Egypt) > Flashcards

Unit 3 (Ancient Egypt) Flashcards

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1
Q

<p>
Cartouche</p>

A

<p>
An overall frame which surrounds hieroglphs that make up the name of an egyption god or royal person</p>

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2
Q

<p>
Cataract</p>

A

<p>
Wild river rapids formed by boulders and narrow cliffs</p>

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3
Q

<p>
Civil War</p>

A

<p>
A war between two groups or region in the same country or nation</p>

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4
Q

<p>
Delta</p>

A

<p>
A triangle shaped deposit of rich soil at a rivers mouth.</p>

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5
Q

<p>
<br></br>
Dynasty</p>

A

<p>
A family or a group of people that rules for several generations; a line of rulers that passes power from father to son</p>

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6
Q

<p>
Hieroglyphics</p>

A

<p>
An Egyption writing system in which picture symbols stand for meanings or sounds</p>

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7
Q

<p>
Monotheism</p>

A

<p>
A belief in one god</p>

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8
Q

<p>
Nile River</p>

A

<p>
The river that ancient Egypt civilization was built around; the longest river in the world</p>

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9
Q

<p>
Obelisk</p>

A

<p>
<br></br>
A pillar-shaped stone monument</p>

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10
Q

<p>
Papyrus</p>

A

<p>
Reed plant used to make paper</p>

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11
Q

<p>
Pharaoh</p>

A

<p>
Ruler of Egypt, believed to be a child of Re, the Egyption god</p>

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12
Q

<p>
Pyramid</p>

A

<p>
A structure built to house tombs of pharaohs and other important nobles; entrance always faced north</p>

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13
Q

<p>
Polytheism</p>

A

<p>
A belief in more than one god</p>

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14
Q

<p>
Rosseta Stone</p>

A

<p>
A stone used to translate Egyption hieroglyphics, containing writing on it in two languages (Egyption and Greek), using the three scripts (hieroglyphic, demotic, and greek)</p>

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15
Q

<p>
Social Pyramid</p>

A

<p>
A representation of the social structures of ancient Egypt, Pharaoh is at the top, laborers and slaves are at the bottom</p>

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16
Q

<p>
Where is ancient Egypt located?</p>

A

<p>
Egypt is located in Northwest Africa</p>

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17
Q

<p>
How big is the Sahara Desert?</p>

A

<p>
Bigger than the United states in area</p>

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18
Q

<p>
What direction does the Nile flow?</p>

A

<p>
It flows North</p>

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19
Q

<p>
How do the floods of the Nile River affect Egypt?</p>

<div>
&nbsp;</div>

A

<p>
It deposited silt, replenishing the soild with nutrients</p>

<div>
&nbsp;</div>

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20
Q

<p>
What is a delta?</p>

A

<p>
A triangular shaped deposit of rich soil at a river&#39;s mouth</p>

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21
Q

<p>
Is the Nile river delta a good place to grow crops? Why or Why not?</p>

A

<p>
The Nile River is very fertile &amp; great for growing crops</p>

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22
Q

<p>
Which two bodies of water surround the Sinai Peninsula?</p>

A

<p>
The Mediterranain Sea to the North &amp; the Red sea to the south</p>

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23
Q

<p>
Which direction is lower Egypt located when looking at a map?</p>

A

<p>
North</p>

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24
Q

<p>
How did Lower Egypt get it&#39;s name?</p>

A

<p>
It got its name because of the low-lying land that formed the Nile river delta</p>

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25
Q

<p>
How did Upper Egypt get its name?</p>

A

<p>
It got its name because it is upstream of the Nile River delta &amp; the land is more elevated</p>

26
Q

<p>
In Upper Egypt, is the Nile river easy waterway to navigate? Why or Why not?</p>

<div>
&nbsp;</div>

A

<p>
It is hard because of cataracts (rapids)</p>

<div>
&nbsp;</div>

27
Q

<p>
What natural barriers protected Egypt from invaders?</p>

A

<p>
&bull; The Mediterranian Sea to the North</p>

<p>
&bull; The Sahara desert to the west</p>

<p>
&bull; The red Sea to the east</p>

28
Q

<p>
In ancient Egypt where did most of the population live?</p>

A

<p>
As populations grew, rivers along the river expanded</p>

29
Q

<p>
How did the Ancient Egyptions create more farmland to support the growing population?</p>

A

<p>
They developed irrigation systems to create more fertile land</p>

30
Q

<p>
How did the Nile river affect the way people in Ancient Egypt traveled?</p>

A

<p>
The Nile river served as a highway</p>

31
Q

<p>
What was papyrus used for?</p>

A

<p>
Papyrus grew along the river &amp; it is used to make paper</p>

32
Q

<p>
What is an &quot;Egyptologist&quot;?</p>

A

<p>
A scientist who studies Egypt</p>

33
Q

<p>
How did the architect believe that the workers got the stones to the top of the pyramid?</p>

A

<p>
By using an internal ramp</p>

34
Q

<p>
What was the wooden sled used for?</p>

A

<p>
To haul stone blocks</p>

35
Q

<p>
How long did it take to construct the great pyramid?</p>

A

<p>
20 years</p>

36
Q

<p>
How did technology help the architect figure out how the pyramid was constructed?</p>

A

<p>
It helped to find the different densities of the pyramid</p>

37
Q

<p>
Originally, Ancient Egypt was made up of two kingdoms. What were they?</p>

A

<p>
Lower Egypt &amp; Upper Egypt</p>

38
Q

<p>
When were the two kingdoms united? Who united them?</p>

<div>
&nbsp;</div>

A

<p>
In 3100 BCE, King Menes (The first Pharaoh) united both Lower Egypt &amp; Upper Egypt</p>

<div>
&nbsp;</div>

39
Q

<p>
What 3 time period is Ancient Egyptian history divided into?</p>

A

<p>
Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, &amp; New Kingdom</p>

40
Q

<p>
How would you describe the Old Kingdom?</p>

A

<p>
&bull; A time of peace and prosperity</p>

<p>
&bull; Known as the &quot;Age of the Pyramids&quot;</p>

41
Q

<p>
List two facts from the Middle Kingdom.</p>

A

<p>
&bull; Started when Amenemhet ended the rebellions after the Old Kingdom</p>

<p>
&bull; He rebuilt a strong central government</p>

<p>
&bull; Increased trade with neighbors</p>

42
Q

<p>
Who was Hatshepsut? What did she do for Egypt?</p>

A

<p>
&bull; Hatshepsut was the first female rule, &amp; increased Egypt&#39;s wealth</p>

<p>
&bull; She traded for things that Egypt needed</p>

43
Q

<p>
Eventually the Egyption government lost power &amp; the civilization began to decline. Who conquerd Egypt?</p>

A

<p>
The Assyrians and the Persians around 1075 BCE</p>

44
Q

<p>
Explain how the Nile River impacted Egypt.</p>

A

<p>
- Flooded each summer, leaving behind silt. This was great for growing crops</p>

<p>
- This is why cities were centered along the Nile River (this is where the food was)</p>

<p>
- The Nile River was a highway and allowed for transportation from town to town</p>

45
Q

<p>
Explain how the Red Sea/ Mediterrainian Sea Impacted Ancient Egypt.</p>

A

<p>
- Protected Egypt from invaders<br></br>
- Salt water- humans could not drink or use to water crops</p>

46
Q

<p>
Explain how the Sahara desert impacted Ancient Egypts life.</p>

A

<p>
- Protected Egypt from invaders<br></br>
- Without the Nile River, Egypt would be lifeless</p>

47
Q

<p>
Explain how Cataracts impacted Ancient Egypt life.</p>

A

<p>
Strong river rapids that made travel along the Nile River difficult. Found in Upper Egypt</p>

48
Q

<p>
List Egypts main exports.</p>

A

<p>
Wheat, Barley, Papyrus, &amp; Linin</p>

49
Q

<p>
What is an export?</p>

A

<p>
An object that is sold or sent to another place<br></br>
&nbsp;</p>

50
Q

<p>
What is an import?</p>

A

<p>
An object that is bought or taken in</p>

51
Q

<p>
Why was trading important in Ancient Egyption Economy?</p>

A

<p>
Egypt could trade what they had a surplus of and get items that they did not have</p>

52
Q

<p>
Who did Egypt trade with and what did they trade for? Also how did Egypt used those imports?</p>

A

<p>
Lebanon -> Wood (cypress and cedar)</p>

<p>
Homes, tools, boats, canoes, &amp; furniture</p>

<p>
Nubia -> Wood, Gold</p>

<p>
Jewlery, homes, tools, boats, canoes, &amp; furniture</p>

<p>
Sinai -> Copper</p>

<p>
Jewlery</p>

<p>
Afghanistan -> Lapis lazuil (precious gems and jewelry)</p>

<p>
Precious Gems, &amp; Jewlery</p>

<p>
Punt -> Incense</p>

<p>
Good Smell, Symbol of wealth</p>

53
Q

<p>
Who was Egypts first pharaoh?</p>

A

<p>
King Menes</p>

54
Q

<p>
What did King Menes accomplish in 3100 BCE?</p>

A

<p>
In 3100 King Menes unified upper and lower Egypt</p>

55
Q

<p>
Why were the pharaohs able to hold so much power in Ancient Egypt?</p>

A

<p>
The people of Egypt believed that the pharaoh was chosen by the gods to lead the people</p>

56
Q

<p>
Why should Hatshepsut be remembered?</p>

A

<p>
- First female ruler in Egypt and the world<br></br>
- Promoted trade and expanded Egypt&rsquo;s wealth<br></br>
&nbsp;</p>

57
Q

<p>
Why should Thutmose III be remembered?</p>

A

<p>
-Strengthened Egypt&rsquo;s military and expanded Egypt&rsquo;s empire<br></br>
- Increased literature, art, and architecture<br></br>
&nbsp;</p>

58
Q

<p>
Why should Akhenaten be remembered?</p>

A

<p>
- Changed Egyptian religion from polytheism to monotheism.</p>

<p>
- After he died, Egyptians went back to polytheism</p>

59
Q

<p>
Re-create your own Ancient Egypt Social pyramid. Provide a description of each.</p>

A

<p>
Pharaoh- King, leader.<br></br>
Government Officials/Priests- Collected taxes and constructing public buildings. Priests led religious ceremonies.<br></br>
Soldiers/Scribes- Soldiers defended Egypt from enemies. Scribes recorded court cases and tax records.<br></br>
Merchants/Craftsmen- Built tools and traded<br></br>
Farmers/Slaves- Responsible for planting and harvesting the food for the people of Egypt. Slaves had to do hard labor.</p>

60
Q

<p>
Why did the Egyptions mummify the dead?</p>

A

<p>
To prepare the body for the afterlife in the underworld</p>

61
Q

<p>
What is the difference between polytheism and monotheism?</p>

A

<p>
Polytheism - The belief in many gods</p>

<p>
Monotheism - The belief in one god</p>

Social Studies (6th Grade) (9 decks)

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