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Psychology > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

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0
Q

a social interaction in which one person (the subject) responds to another person’s (the hypnotist’s) suggestion that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur.

A

Hypnosis

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1
Q

Our awareness of ourselves and our environment.

A

Consciousness

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2
Q

a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors.

A

Posthypnotic Suggestion

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3
Q

a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others.

A

Dissociation

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4
Q

A biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24 hour cycle.

A

Circadian Rythym

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5
Q

rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active.

A

REM sleep

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6
Q

the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state.

A

Alpha Waves

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7
Q

false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.

A

Hallucinations

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8
Q

the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.

A

Delta Waves

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9
Q

nonrapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep.

A

NREM Sleep

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10
Q

a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm. In response to light, the SCN causes the pineal gland to adjust melatonin production, thus modifying our feelings of sleepiness.

A

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

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11
Q

Recurring problems in falling and staying asleep.

A

Insomnia

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12
Q

a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

A

Narcolepsy

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13
Q

a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings. (p. 239)

A

Sleep Apnea

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14
Q

a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during NREM-3 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered.

A

Night Terrors

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15
Q

a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer’s delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it.

A

Dream

16
Q

according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content).

A

Manifest Content

17
Q

according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content.)

A

Latent Content

18
Q

the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep).

A

REM Rebound

19
Q

continued substance craving and use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk.

A

Substance Use Disorder

20
Q

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods.

A

Psychoactive Drug

21
Q

the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effect.

A

Tolerance

22
Q

compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors (such as gambling) despite known adverse consequences.

A

Addiction

23
Q

the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior.

A

Withdrawal

24
Q

drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions.

A

Depressants

25
Q

(popularly known as alcoholism). Alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and a drive to continue problematic use.

A

Alcohol Use Disorder

26
Q

Drugs that depress central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement.

A

Barbiturates

27
Q

opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.

A

Opiates

28
Q

Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, ecstasy, and methamphetamine) that excite neural activity and speed up bodily functions.

A

Stimulates

29
Q

drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes.

A

Amphetamines

30
Q

a stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco.

A

Nicotine

31
Q

a powerful and addictive stimulant, derived from the coca plant, producing temporarily increased alertness and euphoria.

A

Cocaine

32
Q

a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels.

A

Methamphetamine

33
Q

A synthetic stimulant and a mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short term health risks and long-term harm to serotonin producing neurons and to mood and cognition.

A

Ecstasy

34
Q

psychedelic (“mind-manifesting”) drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.

A

Hallucinogens

35
Q

a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid (lysergic acid diethylamide).

A

LSD

36
Q

an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as through cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations.

A

Near-death experience

37
Q

the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations.

A

THC

Psychology (13 decks)

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