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Biology > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Inferior Vena Cava

A

Returns blood from the lower body

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2
Q

Superior Vena Cava

A

Returns blood from the upper body

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3
Q

Right Atrium

A

Thin walled chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from the body

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4
Q

Tricuspid Valve

A

Controls the flow of blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle
(R.A —> R.V)

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5
Q

Right Ventricle

A

Muscular chamber that pumps blood to the lungs

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6
Q

Pulmonary Valve

A

controls the flow of blood out of the pulmonary arteries to the lungs

(P.A <— Lungs)

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7
Q

Pulmonary Artery

A

Carries blood to the lungs

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8
Q

Pulmonary veins

A

blood flows into the heart from the lungs

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9
Q

Left Atrium

A

Thin walled chamber that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

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10
Q

Mitral Valve

A

controls the flow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle
(L.A—>L.V)

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11
Q

Left ventricle

A

Muscular chamber that pumps blood to the body

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12
Q

Aortic valve

A

controls the flow of blood out of the aorta to the whole body

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13
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery that carries blood away from the heart and to all parts of the body

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14
Q

Septum

A

Wall of muscle that separates the left side of the heart from the right side
(Prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood)

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15
Q

Myocardium

A

Made up of layers of cardiac muscle
(Contracts by itself)

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16
Q

Oxygenated parts of the heart (6)

A

Aorta
Left atrium
Pulmonary vein
Left ventricle
Mitral valve
Aortic valve

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17
Q

Deoxygenated parts of the heart (7)

A

Superior vena cava
Pulmonary artery
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Pulmonary valve
Tricuspid valve
Inferior vena cava

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18
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

-heart is relaxed
-A.V valves open
-semilunar valves close
-lowest blood pressure

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19
Q

Systolic pressure

A

-heart is contracted
-A.V valves close
-semilunar valves open
-highest blood pressure

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20
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Blood flow between the heart and the body

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21
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Blood flow between the heart and lungs

22
Q

Arteries

A

-carries blood from the heart
-transports oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery

23
Q

Veins

A

-carries blood back towards the heart
-transports deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein

24
Q

Capillaries

A

-Allows material gas exchange between the body cells and the blood
-Connect arteriales and venules
-Pass through in a single file line
-Thin walled and narrow

25
Q

How is the circulatory system related to the digestive system and respiratory system

A

-Transports nutrients from digestive system
-Transports oxygen from respiratory system

26
Q

3 blood vessels that supply oxygen to the heart muscles

A

Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

27
Q

What would happen if blood supply to the heart muscles cut off?

A

You would develop a heart attack or stroke

28
Q

Why is the heart considered a double pump?

A

First pump carries deoxygenated blood to your lungs, it then delivers oxygenated blood to the heart

29
Q

Chordae tendoneae

A

controls the opening and closing of the heart valves

30
Q

Vein that carries oxygenated blood in the body

A

Pulmonary vein

31
Q

Differences between arteries and veins

A

Arteries
-thick elastic wall
-oxygenated blood
-does NOT contain valves

Veins
-thin wall, slightly elastic
-deoxygenated blood
-contains valves

32
Q

Heart valve disease

A

Causes
-heart attack
-high blood pressure
-heart failure

Symptoms
-weight gain
-fatigue

Treatments
-medications
-surgery

33
Q

Blood pressure

A

Force exerted from blood cells against blood vessel walls

34
Q

Heart

A

-Pumps blood through the body
-hollow organ made up of cardiac muscle

35
Q

Transports of these materials are carried out by

A

-heart
-blood vessels
-blood

36
Q

What are the 2 upper chambers called?

A

Right atrium
Left atrium

37
Q

What are the 2 lower chambers called

A

Right ventricle
Left ventricle

38
Q

Pericardium

A

Double-walled sac around the heart

39
Q

How many chambers does the heart have?

A

4

40
Q

Pulse

A

-A Rhythmic throb that occurs when an artery near the skins surface expands, (blood is flowing through)
-Caused by contractions

41
Q

Radial artery

A

Wrist

42
Q

Carotid artery

A

Jaw(neck)

43
Q

Brachial artery

A

Where I hate needles being put (middle of arm)

44
Q

Heart murmur

A

Damaged septum or heart valves

45
Q

Artery that carries deoxygenated blood out of the heart

A

Pulmonary artery

46
Q

First pump and second part are what?

A

1: systolic
2: Diastolic

47
Q

If not for SA node, the heart muscles would contract at??

A

Different rates

48
Q

Heart is caused to contract regularly by a structure called?

A

Sinoatrial node (SA node) or pacemaker

49
Q

Normal average blood pressure for an adult

A

120/80
120 (systolic)
80 (diastolic)

50
Q

Why is blood flow important?

A

-Facilitates temperate control
-Assists in immune response
-Delivers hormones
-Close winds by blood clotting

Biology (5 decks)

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