Digestive System

Question 1

Order of Digestive Tract

Answer 1

-Mouth
-Pharynx
-Esophagus
-Stomach
-Small intestine
-Large intestine
-Rectum
-Anus

Question 2

Accessory Organs

Answer 2

-Teeth
-Tongue
-Salivary Glands
-Pancreas
-Liver
-Gull Bladder
-appendix

Question 3

Mechanical Digestion

Answer 3

Physical movement breaks down food into small pieces, without changing the food chemically

Question 4

Chemical Digestion

Answer 4

Enzymes and chemicals that break down food into nutrient molecules to be absorbed into the blood stream

Question 5

Mouth (Chem&Mech)

Answer 5

-Chewing food (Mechanical)
-Saliva breaks down food (Chemical)

Question 6

Stomach (Chem&Mech)

Answer 6

-Layers of muscles churn food (Mechanical)
-Gastric juice turns the bolus into chyme (Chemical)

Question 7

Small intestine (Chem&Mech)

Answer 7

-Segmentation (Mechanical)
-Pancreas produces pancreatic juice which is secreted into the duodenum (Chemical)

Question 8

Mouth

Answer 8

Digestion begins

Question 9

Pharynx (Throat and Epiglottis)

Answer 9

-Where both digestive and respiratory system connect

-Flap prevents food from entering the lungs by covering the trachea when swallowing

Question 10

Esophagus (Food pipe)

Answer 10

Contraction and relaxation of muscles in a one way motion (Peristalasis)

Question 11

Stomach

Answer 11

Churning of muscles mixes the food with gastric juice turning the bolus into chyme

Question 12

Small intestine

Answer 12

Breaks down food and then nutrients are absorbed through the wall, into the bloodstream

Question 13

Large intestine

Answer 13

-Absorbs water and vitamins
-removed undigested food

Question 14

Rectum

Answer 14

Temporarily stores feces

Question 15

Anus

Answer 15

Ending, feces leaves the body

Question 16

Tongue

Answer 16

Moves around food in the mouth, mixing it with saliva to form bolus

Question 17

Teeth

Answer 17

-Food is chewed
-Incisor (8) cut
-Canines (4) Tear
-Molars (12) grind and crush food

Question 18

Salivary glands

Answer 18

Produces saliva which contains amylase (Enzyme) which break down starches

Question 19

Liver

Answer 19

produce bile

Question 20

Gull bladder

Answer 20

-A sac that stores and concentrates bile
-secretes into the small intestine

Question 21

Pancreas

Answer 21

Produces pancreatic juice which is secreted into the duodenum of the small intestine

Question 22

Enzymes that breaks down proteins

Answer 22

-Pepsin
-Trypsin

Question 23

Enzymes that break down fats

Answer 23

-Lipase

Question 24

Enzymes that break down carbs

Answer 24

-maltase
-amylase

Question 25

Movement

Answer 25

Food travels down the digestive tract

Question 26

Digestion

Answer 26

Consists of mechanical and chemical breakdown of complex food molecules

Question 27

Absorption

Answer 27

The transfer of digested nutrients to the bloodstream

Question 28

Egestion

Answer 28

The removal of waste food materials from the body

Question 29

3 types of salivary glands

Answer 29

-Partotid -Submandibular -Sublingual (PSS)

Question 30

Difference between Peristalsis & Segmentation? Where do they occur

Answer 30

Peristalasis = Moves along food (Esophagus) Segmentaion = Breaks down food (Small intestine)

Question 31

How many layers is the stomach made up of? What are their names

Answer 31

3 Layers 1. Longitudinal 2. Circular 3. Oblique (LCO)

Question 32

What is the food called in the stomach after it has been mixed with gastric juice?

Answer 32

Chyme

Question 33

What are 2 sphincters in the stomach called and located?

Answer 33

Cardiac -between esophagus and stomach Pyloric -between stomach and small intestine (CP)

Question 34

Polar substance

Answer 34

-Contains oppositely changed regions (slightly positive and negative) -hydrophilic -will Dissolve in another polar substance Ex. Water, Ethonal

Question 35

Non-polar substance

Answer 35

-does not have a distinct positive and negative regions -hydrophobic -will dissolve in another non-polar substance Ex. Oil, gasoline

Question 36

Large intestine (Chem&Mech)

Answer 36

Has neither because it absorbs water

Question 37

Protease found in the stomach

Answer 37

Pepsin

Question 38

Protease that is found in the small intestine

Answer 38

Trypsin

Question 39

Where is bile produced AND stored

Answer 39

-produced in the liver -stored in the gull bladder

Question 40

Villi

Answer 40

Finger-like projections located on the surface of the small intestinal wall

Question 41

Microvilli (Plural)

Answer 41

Tiny, brush-border projections found on the surface of cells make up the villi

Question 42

Small intestine is made up of 3 sections

Answer 42

1. Duodenum 2. Jejunum 3. ileum (Dji)

Question 43

Intestine 2 main functions

Answer 43

-Digestions -Absorption

Question 44

Why do we need to eat

Answer 44

-Because food provides our body’s with things we can’t produce -Helps with growth and development

Question 45

Where is digestion completed?

Answer 45

Small intestine

Question 46

What occurs in the small intestine

Answer 46

Absorption

Question 47

What happens when food backs up into the esophagus?

Answer 47

Causes a reflux of stomach acid and heart burn

Question 48

Where do nutrients get absorbed during the digestive process?

Answer 48

-Through the wall of the small intestine into the blood stream -occurs in the small intestine

Question 49

Appendix

Answer 49

a finger-shaped pouch that sticks out from the colon (large intestine)