Respiratory System

Question 1

Internal Respiration

Answer 1

-Process of tissue respiration
-Between blood and the body cells
-Gas exchange site in the capillaries and cells

Question 2

External Respiration

Answer 2

-Breathing and exchange of gases
-Between atmosphere and the blood
-Gas exchange site in the alveoli and capillaries

Question 3

Cellular respiration

Answer 3

Process of producing ATP(Cellular energy) which occurs in the mitocondria

Question 4

Balanced chemical formula

Answer 4

C6H12O6 + O2 –> 6H2O + CO2 + ATP

C6H12O6 = Glucose (obtained from food)
O2 = air
6H2O = Water
CO2 = Waste product
ATP = power cellular processes

Question 5

Nose

Answer 5

-Passageway for air
-small specks of dirt are trapped by tiny hairs in your nose (filters air)

Question 6

Nasal Cavity (Nasal Passages)

Answer 6

filters, warms up and moistens the air

Question 7

Mouth

Answer 7

-Passageway for food and air
-does not filter air

Question 8

Pharynx (Throat)

Answer 8

Serves both the respiratory system and digestive system

Question 9

Larynx (Voice box)

Answer 9

-Production of sound
-Contains vocal cords

Question 10

Epiglottis

Answer 10

Flap of cartilage that lies at the top of the larynx

Question 11

Vocal cords

Answer 11

2 flaps of skin controlled by muscles that vibrate

Amount of air = loudness
Tightness of cord = pitch

Question 12

Trachea (wind pipe)

Answer 12

Main airway

Question 13

Bronchi

Answer 13

Made up of 2 main bronchi that lead to a series of branches called bronchioles

Question 14

Bronchioles

Answer 14

Smaller branches that stem from the bronchi

Question 15

Lungs

Answer 15

-Organ of gas exchange
-left lung has 2 lobes to make room for heart
-right lung has 3 lobes

Question 16

Alveoli

Answer 16

-Located at the end of bronchioles
-air sacs in the lungs for gas exchange

Question 17

Capillaries (respiratory)

Answer 17

-Around the alveoli
-brings carbon dioxide from the pulmonary artery and delivers oxygen back to the pulmonary vein

Question 18

Diaphragm

Answer 18

Skeletal muscle of respiration

Question 19

Pleural membrane

Answer 19

Cover the lungs and line the chest cavity

Question 20

Thoracic cavity

Answer 20

Space between the lungs and the chest wall

Question 21

Glottis

Answer 21

Made up of vocal cords

Question 22

Inhalations

Answer 22

-ribs move up and out
-diaphragm moves down
-intercostal muscles contract
-air flows into the lungs

Question 23

Exhalation

Answer 23

-ribs move down and in
-diaphragm moves up
-intercostal muscles relax
-gases exit the lungs

Question 24

Tidal volume

Answer 24

Amount of air that you normally inhale and exhale

Question 25

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 25

Maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after exhaling normally

Question 26

Exploratory Reserve Volume

Answer 26

Maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after inhaling normally

Question 27

Vital capacity

Answer 27

Maximum amount of air that you can inhale and exhale

Question 28

Residual Volume

Answer 28

Air that remains in your lungs after you exhale the maximum amount of air in your lungs

Question 29

Total Lung Capacity

Answer 29

-Total volume of air your lungs can hold - Equal too vital capacity + residual volume

Question 30

Factors affecting lung capacity

Answer 30

-age -activity level -height -gender

Question 31

Difference between breathing through your mouth and nose?

Answer 31

nose filters air, while mouth doesn’t

Question 32

What happens to diaphragm when you breath in and out?

Answer 32

Breathing in: moves down Breathing out: moves up

Question 33

Where is sound produced?

Answer 33

Larynx

Question 34

What causes inspiration and expiration, and what are their differences?

Answer 34

-Inspiration causes an increase in volume and low pressure inside the chest -Lungs inflate -Expiration causes a decrease in volume and high pressure inside the Chest -Lungs deflate

Question 35

Chemoreceptors

Answer 35

-located at the surface of the Medulla oblongata -sensory receptors that transducers a chemical signal into a potential action (smells)

Question 36

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 36

-Structure found in the brain that helps to maintain homeostasis -sends a signal to rib muscles and diaphragm to contract

Question 37

3 distinct processes (respiratory)

Answer 37

-Breathing -Respiration -Cellular respiration

Question 38

Negative feedback (Part 1)

Answer 38

Medulla Oblongata sends signal we need to breath

Question 39

Negative feedback (Part 2)

Answer 39

-Intercostal muscles contract -diaphragm expands/ moves down

Question 40

Negative feedback (Part 3)

Answer 40

Chemoreceptors will be stimulated

Question 41

Negative feedback (Part 4)

Answer 41

-Sends signal to medulla Oblongata to stop sending impulses -intercostal muscles relax moving air out of lungs

Question 42

Upper respiratory tract

Answer 42

Nose Nasal cavity Mouth Pharynx Larynx Epiglottis

Question 43

Lower respiratory tract

Answer 43

Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Lungs Alveoli Intercostal muscles Diaphragm Ribs

Question 44

What other body system is involved with gas exchange

Answer 44

Internal respiration

Question 45

Why do we need to breath?

Answer 45

Helps organisms grow, reproduce and make energy (also not die)