Unit 5 Flashcards
4 types of bones and descriptions
Long bone: longer than wide
Short bone: wrist and ankles, shaped like cubes, mostly spongy
Flat bones: thin, usually curved, sternum, ribs, skull
Irregular: vertebrae, pelvis
Two types of bone marrow and what they do
Yellow marrow: storage fat
Red marrow: blood stem cells that turn into red blood cells
Articular cartilage
Covers the bone ends in most moveable joints
Nasal cartilage
Supports nose
Costal cartilage
Connects ribs to sternum
Fibrocartilage
Occurs in places that have heavy pressure (vertebrae and knee)
Cavity in bones
Medullary
Trabeculae
Flat pieces or bone, bone marrow fills in the spaces
Medullary cavity location
Diaphysis
Functions of bones
1) support for the body
2) protection
3) movement
4) mineral storage
5) blood cell formation
Nutrient foramen
Openings where nerve fibers, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels enter the bone
Osteoblast
Bone forming cells
Osteoclast
Bone destroying cells
Osteocyte
Spider shaped mature bone cells, found in lacunae - junctions of lamella
Appositional vs interstitial
Appositional: cells are added to the external face of the cartilage
Interstitial: cells are made internally causing cartilage to expand