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Human Anatomy > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Reddish color from oxygenated blood

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2
Q

Carotene

A

Yellow-orange pigment

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3
Q

Melanin

A

Only one made in the skin and protects skin

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4
Q

Cause of pink nails

A

Capillaries beneath

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4
Q

Cause of body odor

A

Bacteria on skin break down fats and proteins

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5
Q

3 barriers of skin and what do they do

A

Chemical- skin secretes a natural antibiotic that pokes holes in bacteria
Biological- langerhans cells activate immune system
Physical- physical barrier to outside, glycolipids prevent excessive water loss

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6
Q

Secretions from oil glands

A

Sebum

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7
Q

Causes of hair colors

A

Determined from melanocytes in hair follicle. Red hair =iron containing pigment. Gray/white = decreased melanin, air bubbles replace melanin

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8
Q

Which group of people are more likely to go bald

A

Males

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9
Q

What does jaundice indicate

A

Liver problems

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10
Q

Secretions from eccrine glands

A

Sweat

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11
Q

Secretions from ceruminous gland

A

Ear wax

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12
Q

Cause of acne

A

Glands being blocked

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13
Q

Causes of black and blue colorations on skin

A

Blood has escaped circulatory system in the body (bruise)

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14
Q

Causes of red skin

A

Fever, hypertension, embarrassment

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15
Q

Causes of pale skin

A

Anger, emotional stress, anemia

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16
Q

How does temperature affect blood vessels

A

Dermal blood vessels constrict (gets cold)

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17
Q

3 types of cartilage and their functions

A

Hyaline: covers ends of joints, nose, ribs, and respiratory passage
Elastic: external ear and larynx
Fibrocartilage: tough shock absorbing material, between vertebrae

18
Q

Malignant

A

Cancerous tumor

19
Q

Benign

A

Tumor, but not cancer causing

20
Q

Metastasize

A

Cancer spreads to other parts of the body

21
Q

Top layer of skin

A

Epidermis

22
Q

Bottom layer of skin

A

Dermis

23
Q

Adipose tissue

A

Fat

24
Q

Tendon

A

Connect muscle to bone

25
Q

Ligament

A

Connect bone to bone

26
Q

Skin grafting

A

Take skin from one part of the body and move it to the affected area

27
Q

1st degree burn

A

Epidermis damaged, localized redness, heal in 2-3 days

28
Q

Collagen

A

Gives skin strength

28
Q

Problems that can arise from burn victims

A

Loss of fluids, nutrients, infections

29
Q

Keratinocyte

A

Most common, create keratin

30
Q

Melanocyte

A

Synthesize the pigment melanin, offers production from ultraviolet light

31
Q

Callus

A

Accelerated keratin formation in areas of high friction

32
Q

2nd degree burn

A

Injury epidermis and upper dermis, skin blisters, 3-4 weeks to heal

33
Q

3rd degree burns

A

Injuries to all levels of skin, black/white, red, or black appearance, nerve endings are destroyed

34
Q

4th degree burns

A

Charred skin, damage goes to muscles, bones may exposed

35
Q

Stages of growth

A

1) Growth phase (weeks to years)
2) regressive phase: hair matrix cells die, that hair falls out
3) resting phase (1-3 months) return to growth phase

36
Q

Reasons going bald

A

Follicle growth phase is very short. Hair falls out immediately

37
Q

What group of people are most likely to go bald?

A

Male

38
Q

Keratinocytes

A

Most common, create keratin

39
Q

Melanocyte

A

Synthesize the pigment melanin, offers production from ultraviolet light

40
Q

Langerhans

A

Originate from bone marrow, help activate immune system

41
Q

Merkel cell

A

At the base of epidermis, associated with nerve ending

Human Anatomy (5 decks)

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