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Human Anatomy > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Lipid-bilayer

A

Plasma membrane

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2
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Water loving, polar end (has a charge)

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3
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Water hating, nonpolar end (no charge)

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4
Q

Internal proteins

A

Firmly inserted into lipid bilayer

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5
Q

Peripheral proteins

A

Loosely attached to membrane (can be removed), change cell shape or link them together

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6
Q

Glycocalyx

A

Sugar coating on the cells, different patterns on each cell

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7
Q

Hypertonic (cell size)

A

Higher amount of things in the cell (move out of cell to shrink)

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8
Q

Hypotonic (cell size)

A

Lower amount of things in the cell (move in the cell to swell)

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9
Q

Isotonic (cell size)

A

Neutral (no change)

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10
Q

Nuclear pore

A

Allows large particles in and out of nucleus

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11
Q

Multinucleate

A

Muscle and liver cells, more than 1 nucleus

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12
Q

Anucleate

A

No nucleus, red blood cells

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13
Q

Chromatin

A

Made up of dna and histone proteins

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14
Q

Nucleosome

A

Section of cell that is wrapped around a core of protein

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15
Q

Cilia

A

Small hair like extensions. 2 roles: help cell move, move substance in one direction in the cell

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16
Q

Flagella (example)

A

Fungi, slime molds

17
Q

3 parts of cell

A

Plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm

18
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains genetic info to create most proteins and controls the activity of the cell

19
Q

Mitochondria

A

Constantly change shapes, provides energy for the cell, have own DNA and RNA

20
Q

Smooth ER

A

Creates enzymes that metabolize lipids and breaks down glycogen

21
Q

Rough ER

A

Covered with ribosomes and creates proteins used in the membrane

22
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

Transports proteins and lipids made in rough ER to other parts of the cell

22
Q

Lysosome

A

Digest viruses, bacteria, and nonfunctional organelles and tissue

23
Q

Vacuole

A

Stores water and nutrients

24
Q

Free ribosomes

A

Make soluble proteins that functions in cytoplasm

25
Q

Microtubules

A

Largest in diameter, determine the shape of an organelle

26
Q

Membrane bound ribosomes

A

Make proteins that will be used in the cell membrane or that will leave the cell

27
Q

Microfilaments

A

Smallest, used in movement of the cell, or moving substances in the cell

28
Q

Intermediate filaments

A

Resist pulling forces exerted on the cell

29
Q

Cystoskeleton

A

Series of rods that act as a support structure for the cells

30
Q

Plasma membrane

A

Fragile outer boundary of cell

31
Q

Process of DNA replication

A
  1. DNA begins to unwind
  2. Bonds between nitrogen bases break creating a replication fork
  3. Each exposed nitrogen bases a template for the complimentary strand
  4. RNA primer begins to synthesize
  5. DNA polymerase position complimentary nucleotides on the DNA strand
  6. DNA ligase splices DNA segments together = two identical DNA strands

Human Anatomy (5 decks)

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