UNIT 5 Flashcards
central nervous system
division of nervous system located within skull and spine
peripheral nervous system
division of nervous system outside skull and spine
somatic nervous system
part of PNS, interacts with external environment
autonomic nervous system
regulates body’s internal environment
sympathetic nerve
-neurons project synapse at distance from target organs
-mobilize energy
-changes indicate excitement
parasympathetic nerves
neuron project synapse near target organs
-conserve energy
-changes indicate relaxation
channel proteins
certain molecules can go through
signal proteins
transfer signal to inside of neuron when molecule binds
interneurons
neurons with short or no axon
nuclei
group of cell bodies in CNS
ganglia
group of cell bodies in PNS
tracts
bundles of axons in CNS
nerves
bundles of axons in PNS
oligodendrocytes
glia cells with extensions that wrap around axons in CNS
Schwann cells
cells with axonal regeneration in PNS
microglia
cells smaller than the other, when there is injury they multiply
astrocytes
largest glia cells
anterograde
path of axons from cell body away
retrogarde
path of axons to cell body
anterior-posterior axis
horizontal axis
dorsal-ventral axis
vertical axis
media-lateral axis
media inside neck // lateral outside neck
optic chiasm
point at which optic nerves from each eye come together
contralateral fibres
intersecting fibres
ipsilateral fibres
nonintersecting fibres
cytokine
chemical messenger that evokes proliferation of other cells
hormone
chemical messenger released into blood stream that affects function of cell
neurohormone
hormone produced by neuron
neuropeptide
peptide hormone produced by neuron
neurosteroid
steroid hormone produced by neuron
neuromodulator
hormone that changes response of a neuron
neurotransmitter
chemical messenger that acts across neural synapse
