UNIT 3

Question 1

cartesian dualism

Answer 1

universe is composed by physical matter and human mind

Question 2

ethology

Answer 2

study of animal behavior

Question 3

instinctive behaviors

Answer 3

behaviors that occur in all members of a species

Question 4

courtship display

Answer 4

signaling interest from male to female to copulate. Signal has to be responded (if not correctly, no copulation)

Question 5

taxonomy

Answer 5

biological classification

Question 6

genotype

Answer 6

traits passed to offspring through genetic material

Question 7

alleles

Answer 7

2 genes that control the same trait

Question 8

composition of DNA molecule

Answer 8

nucleotide bases, phosphate and deoxyribose

Question 9

replication process

Answer 9

1. DNA strands unwind
2. Nucleotides on each strand attract complementary bases
3. Two double-stranded DNA molecules are formed

Question 10

autosomal chromosomes

Answer 10

typical chromosomes

Question 11

enhancers

Answer 11

determine if a specific gene initiates protein synthesis

Question 12

transcription factors

Answer 12

proteins bonded to DNA which decide which genes are expressed

Question 13

messenger RNA

Answer 13

trancribed RNA

Question 14

codon

Answer 14

3 consecutive nucleotide bases

Question 15

human genome project

Answer 15

map of the sequence of all bases from human chromosomes

Question 16

epigenetics

Answer 16

study of mechanisms of inheritance

Question 17

DNA methylation

Answer 17

methyl group attached to DNA to reduce gene expression

Question 18

Histone remodelling

Answer 18

histones change shape and can cause increase or decrease of gene expression

Question 19

ontogeny

Answer 19

development of individuals over their life span

Question 20

phylogeny

Answer 20

evolutionary development of species through the ages

Question 21

phenylketonuria

Answer 21

recessive gene were dopamine levels are low and can cause abnormal brain development

Question 21

phenylketonuria

Answer 21

recessive gene were dopamine levels are low and can cause abnormal brain development

Question 22

phenylketonuria

Answer 22

recessive gene were dopamine levels are low and can cause abnormal brain development

Question 23

sensory phase

Answer 23

phase were birds form memories of the songs

Question 24

sensorimotor phase

Answer 24

birds start to twitter songs

Question 24

sensorimotor phase

Answer 24

birds start to twitter songs

Question 25

age-limited learners

Answer 25

they lear adult songs until a specific age and sing them throughout all of their lifes

Question 26

open-ended learners

Answer 26

species that are able to learn new songs throughout all of their life

Question 27

descending motor pathway

Answer 27

mediates song production

Question 28

anterior forebrain pathway

Answer 28

mediates song learning