unit 4b Flashcards

0
Q

The British hoped to divide and conquer America in the north by controlling this river valley

A

Hudson River valley

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1
Q

The Americans suffered horribly here during the winter of 1777/1778

A

Valley forge, Pennsylvania

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2
Q

The war ended with a British surrender here

A

Yorktown, Virginia

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3
Q

Washington crossed this river during his surprise attack on the hessians

A

Delaware river

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4
Q

The first major loss for Washington came in this northern city

A

New York City, New York

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5
Q

The British took control of the major southern ports of Charlestown and this city in Georgia

A

Savannah

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6
Q

After the British won at the battle of brandywine, they took over this city which was the capital of the United States at the time

A

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

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7
Q

Battles on the frontier were fought mostly in the present day states of Indiana and here

A

Illinois

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8
Q

The British plan of divide and conquer called for three British armies to meet here

A

Albany, New York

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9
Q

Once the British captured the U.S capital, the continental congress simply moved here

A

York, Pennsylvania

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10
Q

The green mountain boys defeated part of a British army in this town in present day Vermont

A

Bennington

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11
Q

Washington and his army caught the hessians by surprise on the day after Christmas here

A

Trenton, New Jersey

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12
Q

This american won many battles on the frontier

A

George Rogers Clark

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13
Q

He was the British General who was commander of all forces at the beginning of the war

A

General William Howe

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14
Q

He was the commander in chief of the continental army

A

George Washington

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15
Q

He was the Frenchman who helped Washington at valley forge and after

A

Marquis De Lafayette

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16
Q

Though he fought with the Americans at the beginning this man is most remembered for being the first american traitor and switching to the British side

A

Benedict Arnold

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17
Q

American patriot victorious at sea (a privateer)

A

John Paul jones

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18
Q

American patriot known as the swamp fox

A

Francis Marion

19
Q

British General who surrendered at Yorktown

A

General Charles Cornwallis

20
Q

American patriot who received all the credit for the victory at the battle of Saratoga

A

General Horatio Gates

21
Q

British General defeated at Saratoga

A

General John Burgoyne

22
Q

General who was put in charge of the southern American army by Washington and was successful in making the British chase him and dragging the war out

A

Nathanael Greene

23
Q

He became commander of all British forces after General Howe was fired

A

Henry Clinton

24
Q

This man was the German who helped train washingtons troops at valley forge

A

Baron Von Steuben

25
Q

This man was the commander of the British army that was to meet Howe and Burgoyne in Albany, New York to divide and conquer the Americans. He was to cross the state from the west (Lake Ontario)

A

Barry st. Leger

26
Q

List the three advantages of the Americans fighting in the revolutionary war

A
  • They knew the land
  • they are fighting for a greater cause
  • they had better leaders such as George Washington
27
Q

List the three advantages of the British in fighting the revolutionary war

A
  • larger, stronger, and more experienced army & navy
  • larger population
  • more money to hire soldiers such as the German hessians
28
Q

List the three part strategy of the British fighting in the revolutionary war

A
  • divide and conquer the Americans
  • crush and defeat Washington’s army
  • use loyalists against patriots
29
Q

Name one battle that was an example of George Washington using the hit and run tactic of fighting

A

Trenton

30
Q

List the three part American strategy

A
  • make the war last long; tire the British out
  • Washington must avoid get captured
  • use hit and run tactic of fighting (guerrilla warfare)
31
Q

What key battle is considered the turning point of the revolutionary war? Give three reasons why.

A

Battle: Saratoga

  • Spain and France agreed to help the Americans fight against the British
  • a large British army has surrendered
  • the British strategy of divide and conquer has failed
32
Q

In the final battle of the revolutionary war, who surrendered to who?

A

General Cornwallis and the British army surrendered to George Washington and the American army

33
Q

What is the boundary of the United States of America to the north

A

Canada

34
Q

What is the boundary of the United states of America to the east

A

The Atlantic Ocean

35
Q

What is the boundary of the United States of America to the south

A

Spanish Florida

36
Q

What is the boundary of the United States of America to the west?

A

The Mississippi River

37
Q

What role did women play in war effort?

A

They served at nurses, seamstresses, cooks

  • spied on British soldiers
  • disguised themselves as men in order to become soldiers
38
Q

Why did many African Americans fight in the war?

A
  • they believed in the patriot cause
  • they needed money
  • to earn freedom
39
Q

What is a mercenary?

A

Hired soldier

40
Q

What is a hessian?

A

German mercenaries hired to fight on the British side

41
Q

What side did the native Americans fight on most commonly, and why?

A

They felt that the British were less of a threat than the Americans

42
Q

What is the difference between a battle, siege, and a war?

A

A battle is a fight between two groups of armed groups of contestants, a war is armed conflict in which two or more nations, states, factions, or peoples fight each other.

In other words; a battle is part of a war, not the other way around

43
Q

Who was Juan De Miralles?

A

A Spanish representative who helped the Americans with financial aid

44
Q

What fraction of the Americans supported Britain?

A

3/5

45
Q

Where in America was loyalist support the most common?

A

The Carolinas, Georgia, and New York